ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam 2023
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism. The nurse should identify which finding as an indication of effective treatment?
- A. A chest x-ray reveals increased density in all lung fields.
- B. The client reports feeling less anxious.
- C. Diminished breath sounds are auscultated bilaterally.
- D. ABG results include a pH of 7.48, PaO2 77 mm Hg, and PaCO2 47 mm Hg.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client reporting feeling less anxious is a positive indication of effective treatment for a pulmonary embolism. This suggests that the client's condition is improving psychologically. Option A is incorrect because increased density in all lung fields on a chest x-ray may indicate unresolved issues related to the embolism. Option C is incorrect as diminished breath sounds bilaterally suggest a complication or worsening of the condition. Option D is incorrect as ABG results within normal range do not necessarily indicate effective treatment for a pulmonary embolism, as other complications may still be present.
2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. You should expect your urine to turn orange while taking this medication.
- C. This medication can cause you to gain weight.
- D. Take this medication with food to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking metformin with food helps reduce gastrointestinal discomfort, a common side effect of the medication. Choice A is incorrect as metformin is usually taken with meals to minimize side effects. Choice B is incorrect because metformin does not typically cause urine discoloration. Choice C is incorrect as metformin is associated with weight loss or weight neutrality rather than weight gain.
3. What is the best method to assess pain in a non-verbal patient?
- A. Observe for facial expressions
- B. Observe for restlessness
- C. Observe for sweating
- D. Check for non-verbal cues
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to observe for facial expressions when assessing pain in a non-verbal patient. Facial expressions can provide vital clues about the patient's pain level and discomfort. Choices B and C, observing for restlessness and sweating, can be less specific and may indicate other issues besides pain. Choice D, checking for non-verbal cues, is too broad and does not specify the crucial aspect of focusing on facial expressions.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is at 32 weeks of gestation and has preeclampsia. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg
- B. Respiratory rate of 16/min
- C. 1+ protein in the urine
- D. Heart rate of 88/min
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. 1+ protein in the urine is indicative of worsening preeclampsia and should be reported to the provider immediately. Elevated blood pressure (choice A) is expected in preeclampsia, but a reading of 120/80 mm Hg is within the normal range. A respiratory rate of 16/min (choice B) and a heart rate of 88/min (choice D) are also within normal limits and not indicative of worsening preeclampsia.
5. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Take this medication 1 hour before meals.
- C. Avoid potassium supplements while taking this medication.
- D. You may experience a persistent, dry cough while taking this medication.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Captopril is known to cause a persistent, dry cough as a common side effect. Instructing the client about this potential side effect is crucial for their awareness. Choices A and B are incorrect because captopril is usually taken on an empty stomach. Choice C is incorrect because captopril can lead to hyperkalemia, so potassium supplements may be necessary in some cases.
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