ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2024
1. A client has a prescription for digoxin. The client should be monitored for which of the following findings as an indication of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Visual disturbances
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Visual disturbances, such as yellow-tinged vision or seeing halos around lights, are common signs of digoxin toxicity. These symptoms should be reported immediately to healthcare providers for further evaluation and management. Tachycardia (Choice B) is not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite (Choice C) and constipation (Choice D) are not common manifestations of digoxin toxicity. Therefore, the correct answer is visual disturbances.
2. Folate is crucial for DNA synthesis and cell division, making it particularly important during periods of rapid growth, such as pregnancy.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C.
- D.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Folate plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which are essential processes for cell multiplication. This makes folate particularly important during periods of rapid growth, such as pregnancy. Therefore, the statement is true. Choice B is incorrect because it fails to acknowledge the significance of folate in cell multiplication and rapid growth, especially during pregnancy.
3. What is the most common method of reducing and immobilizing a fracture?
- A. Open reduction with external fixation
- B. External reduction and internal fixation
- C. External fixation with closed reduction
- D. Open reduction with internal fixation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) is the most common method for reducing and immobilizing fractures.
4. The client on spironolactone should avoid which of the following?
- A. Foods high in potassium
- B. Foods high in sodium
- C. Foods high in calcium
- D. Foods high in chloride
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Foods high in potassium. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps the body retain potassium and excrete sodium. Consuming foods high in potassium while on spironolactone can lead to an excess of potassium in the body, potentially causing hyperkalemia. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because spironolactone does not directly interact with sodium, calcium, or chloride in a way that would require specific dietary restrictions related to these minerals.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Crush all the medications and mix them together in water
- B. Flush the NG tube with 10 mL of air before each medication
- C. Dissolve each medication separately and flush with water between medications
- D. Administer all medications at the same time
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when administering medications through an NG tube is to dissolve each medication separately and flush with water between medications. This practice helps prevent interactions between medications and ensures that each medication is delivered effectively. Option A is incorrect as mixing all medications together can lead to chemical interactions or alter the effectiveness of the medications. Option B is incorrect because flushing the NG tube with air is not recommended and may cause harm. Option D is incorrect as administering all medications at the same time does not allow for proper absorption and interaction control.
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