ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2019
1. A client has a new prescription for Metformin. Which of the following instructions should be included?
- A. Take this medication with food.
- B. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
- C. Take this medication at bedtime.
- D. Take this medication every other day.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for taking Metformin is to take it with food. This helps reduce gastrointestinal side effects and ensures better absorption of the medication. Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific need to avoid foods high in potassium when taking Metformin. Choice C is incorrect because Metformin is usually taken with meals, not at bedtime. Choice D is incorrect as Metformin is typically taken daily, not every other day.
2. The nurse is teaching parents guidelines for feeding their 8-month-old infant with failure to thrive (FTT). Which statement by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. We will continue to use the 24-kcal/oz formula.
- B. We will be sure to follow the formula preparation instructions.
- C. We will be sure to give our infant at least 8 oz of juice every day.
- D. We will be sure to feed our infant according to the written schedule.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Providing 8 oz of juice daily is excessive for an 8-month-old infant and can displace other nutrient-rich foods or formulas that are necessary for growth, especially in an infant with FTT.
3. What best describes the role of nurses in community health?
- A. Conducting research to find new treatments for diseases
- B. Providing direct care to individuals and families
- C. Collaborating with other health professionals to address community health issues
- D. Advocating for policy changes to improve health outcomes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Nurses play a crucial role in community health by advocating for policy changes to enhance health outcomes and working on addressing community health issues. While research and direct care are essential aspects of healthcare, nurses in community health often focus on advocating for policies that positively impact the health of the community as a whole.
4. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 4 mL
- B. 6 mL
- C. 10 mL
- D. 5.5 mL
Correct answer: 4 mL
Rationale: To calculate the mL of albuterol syrup needed per dose, first, determine how many milligrams are in the prescribed dose: 1.6 mg. Next, set up a proportion to find the equivalent mL for 1.6 mg using the given concentration of 2 mg/5mL. The calculation is: (1.6 mg x 5 mL) / 2 mg = 4 mL. Therefore, the correct answer is 4 mL to administer per dose.
5. What is the priority action if a patient experiences hypoglycemia after an insulin dose?
- A. Check the patient's blood glucose level
- B. Administer IV dextrose
- C. Document the incident
- D. Continue monitoring the patient
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The priority action when a patient experiences hypoglycemia after an insulin dose is to check the patient's blood glucose level. This is crucial to confirm hypoglycemia before initiating any treatment. While administering IV dextrose may be necessary if the patient's blood glucose level is critically low, confirming hypoglycemia is essential to guide appropriate interventions. Documenting the incident is important for documentation purposes but is not the immediate priority when the patient's safety is at risk. Continuing to monitor the patient is essential, but it should follow the confirmation and initial management of hypoglycemia.
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