ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Proctored Exam 2023
1. A child has a brain tumor. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Decreased head circumference
- B. Frequent headaches
- C. Increased appetite
- D. Increased blood pressure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Children with brain tumors commonly experience frequent headaches due to increased intracranial pressure. This pressure can result in pain and discomfort, leading to headaches as a common symptom. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, changes in vision, and behavioral changes, but headaches are a prominent feature in children with brain tumors.
2. While caring for a client who was injured in a motor-vehicle crash and reports dyspnea and severe pain, a nurse in the emergency department notes that the client's chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration. The nurse should identify this finding as which of the following?
- A. Atelectasis
- B. Flail chest
- C. Hemothorax
- D. Pneumothorax
Correct answer: Flail chest
Rationale: Flail chest is characterized by paradoxical chest movement, where the chest moves inward during inspiration and bulges out during expiration. This occurs due to multiple rib fractures causing a segment of the chest wall to move independently from the rest of the thorax. Atelectasis refers to collapsed lung tissue, hemothorax is blood in the pleural space, and pneumothorax is air in the pleural space. In this scenario, the client's presentation aligns with the characteristic findings of flail chest.
3. Today, Albert Bandura's theory stresses the importance of __________.
- A. behavior modification
- B. punishment
- C. cognition
- D. reinforcement
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Albert Bandura's theory emphasizes the role of cognition in learning through observation. It highlights the significance of mental processes such as attention, memory, and motivation in shaping behavior. Choice A, behavior modification, focuses more on changing specific behaviors through various techniques. Choice B, punishment, involves the application of negative consequences to reduce the likelihood of a behavior occurring. Choice D, reinforcement, centers on the use of rewards or punishments to increase or decrease the probability of a behavior.
4. An emerging technique in screening for Breast Cancer in developing countries like the Philippines is:
- A. Mammography once a year starting at the age of 50
- B. Clinical BSE Once a year
- C. BSE Once a month
- D. Pap smear starting at the age of 18 or earlier if sexually active
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.
5. The client has been asked to perform weight-bearing exercises three times a week. The client admits to not doing the recommended exercises. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. I walk 3 miles every day. Would you like to join me?
- B. Tell me more about your experience with these exercises.
- C. My dad never exercised. He fell and broke his hip. Is that your goal?
- D. You should be doing these exercises.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate response by the nurse is to ask the client to elaborate on their experience with the exercises. By doing so, the nurse can gain insight into any barriers the client may be facing and work together to find solutions to improve adherence. Choice A is not appropriate as it doesn't address the client's situation. Choice C is not relevant and may induce fear in the client. Choice D is directive and does not promote open communication or understanding of the client's perspective.
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