ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Test Bank
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV vancomycin. The nurse notes a flushing of the neck and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Document that the client experienced an anaphylactic reaction to the medication.
- B. Change the IV infusion site.
- C. Decrease the infusion rate on the IV.
- D. Apply cold compresses to the neck area.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Flushing and tachycardia are signs of Red Man Syndrome, which can be mitigated by decreasing the infusion rate.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and is receiving heparin therapy. Which of the following laboratory values indicates that the client's heparin therapy is effective?
- A. aPTT 75 seconds.
- B. INR 1.2.
- C. Hemoglobin 10 g/dL.
- D. Fibrinogen level 350 mg/dL.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An aPTT of 75 seconds indicates that heparin therapy is within the therapeutic range for a client with DVT. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor heparin therapy's effectiveness. Choice B, INR 1.2, is not the correct answer because INR is used to monitor the effectiveness of warfarin, a different anticoagulant, not heparin. Choice C, Hemoglobin 10 g/dL, is not a measure of heparin therapy effectiveness. Choice D, Fibrinogen level 350 mg/dL, is not a specific indicator of heparin therapy effectiveness for DVT.
3. When educating a patient with multiple myeloma who is being discharged home, what should the nurse emphasize regarding the management of this condition?
- A. Increasing fluid intake
- B. Avoiding sunlight exposure
- C. Monitoring for signs of infection
- D. Managing pain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitoring for signs of infection. Patients with multiple myeloma have a compromised immune system, making them more susceptible to infections. Emphasizing the importance of monitoring for signs of infection helps in early detection and prompt treatment. Increasing fluid intake (choice A) is essential for many health conditions but is not the priority in managing multiple myeloma. Avoiding sunlight exposure (choice B) may be relevant for certain skin conditions or medications but is not a key aspect of multiple myeloma management. Managing pain (choice D) is important, but in the context of multiple myeloma, monitoring for signs of infection takes precedence due to the increased risk of infections in these patients.
4. From a unit perspective, disruptive and violent patient behavior may be distracting to patients and staff. As the nurse manager, you are concerned about: (EXCEPT)
- A. Patient and staff safety.
- B. Team tension.
- C. Fear of disappointment.
- D. Stress levels.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Disruptive and violent patient behavior can indeed pose challenges on a unit. Concerns as a nurse manager would revolve around patient and staff safety (Choice A) due to the risk of harm, team tension (Choice B) arising from managing such situations, and stress levels (Choice D) of both patients and staff. Fear of disappointment (Choice C) is not a typical concern in this scenario and does not directly relate to the immediate impact of disruptive and violent patient behavior.
5. A client has been prescribed Phenelzine for depression. Which of the following indicates that the client has developed an adverse effect of this medication?
- A. Orthostatic hypotension
- B. Hearing loss
- C. Gastrointestinal bleeding
- D. Weight loss
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Orthostatic hypotension is a known adverse effect of Phenelzine, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used for depression. It is caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure when changing positions, leading to symptoms like dizziness or fainting. Monitoring for orthostatic hypotension is crucial during Phenelzine therapy to prevent complications. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because hearing loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, and weight loss are not typically associated with Phenelzine use.
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