Nursing Elites

1. A nurse assesses an audible grating sound (Crepitus) when a client with osteoarthritis moves his knees. What is the cause of this sound?

• A. A herniated disk in the diseased joint
• B. Pieces of bone and cartilage floating
• C. Popping bursae from standing
• D. Years of an autoimmune process

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. The nurse is caring for 4 clients. Which of these clients will the nurse see first?

• A. A client with rheumatoid arthritis and a scheduled pain medication
• B. A client being discharged in 2 hours and needs to be taught how to use crutches
• C. A client with sudden and increasing pain in a fractured arm
• D. A client with a fractured ankle who would like a glass of water

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because sudden and increasing pain in a fractured arm indicates a potential complication that requires immediate attention to assess and manage. Choices A, B, and D do not present immediate life-threatening situations or emergent needs compared to sudden and increasing pain in a fractured arm, which takes priority to ensure the client's safety and comfort.

3. A client does not understand why vision loss due to glaucoma is irreversible. What is the nurse's best explanation?

• A. Once retinal detachment occurs, it does not return to its normal state
• B. Once the tissue has necrosed from high-pressure, it does not regenerate
• C. Glaucoma always leads to permanent blindness
• D. Once bacterial infection has caused damage, the tissue does not regenerate

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct explanation for irreversible vision loss in glaucoma is that once the tissue has necrosed from high pressure, it does not regenerate. This necrosis occurs due to the damage caused by increased intraocular pressure, which leads to irreversible damage to the optic nerve and retinal tissue. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the specific mechanism of irreversible vision loss in glaucoma, which is necrosis due to high pressure.

4. A nurse is assessing a client with hallux valgus. What is another term for this assessment finding?

• A. Thoracic deformity
• B. A bunion
• C. A corn
• D. Metacarpal involvement

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hallux valgus is commonly known as a bunion, which is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. A) Thoracic deformity is unrelated to hallux valgus. C) A corn is a thickened area of skin on the foot, not synonymous with hallux valgus. D) Metacarpal involvement refers to the hand, not the foot where hallux valgus occurs.

5. A nurse working in an orthopedic unit is caring for 4 clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at highest risk for skin breakdown?

• A. An adolescent who has a patella fracture and is in an immobilizer
• B. A young adult who has a femur fracture and is going to surgery in two hours
• C. A middle-aged adult who has fractured his radius and has a cast
• D. An older adult who has a hip fracture and is immobile

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

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