ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz
1. A new nurse has been assigned a client who is in the hospital to receive iodine-131 treatment. Which action by the nurse is best?
- A. Ensure the client is placed in protective isolation.
- B. Have pregnant visitors stay 6 feet from the client.
- C. No special action is necessary to care for this client.
- D. Read the policy on handling radioactive excreta.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Handling radioactive excreta requires special precautions; the nurse must be familiar with the facility's policies.
2. A parent brings their 4-year-old child for a check-up. Which finding would concern the nurse?
- A. Ectomorphic body type
- B. Resting pulse rate of 120
- C. Weight gain of 5 lb (2.27 kg) in the past year
- D. No increase in appetite compared with that in toddler years
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A resting pulse rate of 120 is elevated for a 4-year-old and may indicate an underlying issue that needs further investigation. An ectomorphic body type is a body shape and not typically a cause for concern. Weight gain within normal limits and no significant change in appetite are generally positive findings in a growing child.
3. Which nutrient is most closely associated with the prevention of neural tube defects in a developing fetus for a woman planning to become pregnant?
- A. Calcium
- B. Folate
- C. Vitamin A
- D. Choline
Correct answer: B: Folate
Rationale: The correct answer is folate. Folate, also known as Vitamin B9, is vital for the prevention of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. It is primarily responsible for the creation and repair of DNA, which is essential during rapid growth stages such as pregnancy. While nutrients like calcium, vitamin A, and choline are important for pregnancy, they are not as directly linked to preventing neural tube defects as folate. Calcium is crucial for the baby's bone and teeth development. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and cellular growth. Choline supports brain development and neural functioning. However, none of these nutrients have the same direct impact on preventing neural tube defects as folate.
4. A client is being assessed in the PACU. Which of the following findings indicates decreased cardiac output?
- A. Shivering
- B. Oliguria
- C. Bradypnea
- D. Constricted pupils
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria is a sign of decreased cardiac output. Decreased cardiac output can lead to poor renal perfusion, resulting in decreased urine output (oliguria). This requires immediate intervention to improve cardiac function and perfusion. Shivering (Choice A) is a response to cold stress and does not directly indicate decreased cardiac output. Bradypnea (Choice C) refers to abnormally slow breathing rate and is more indicative of respiratory issues rather than decreased cardiac output. Constricted pupils (Choice D) are associated with the parasympathetic nervous system response and not directly related to cardiac output.
5. What is a common cause of acquired aplastic anemia in children?
- A. Deficient diet
- B. Ingestion of drugs such as chloramphenicol or antiepileptics
- C. Congenital defects
- D. Injury
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Acquired aplastic anemia in children is often caused by exposure to certain drugs, such as chloramphenicol or antiepileptics, which can lead to bone marrow failure and a decrease in all types of blood cells. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because aplastic anemia is not commonly caused by deficient diet, congenital defects, or injury in children.
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