a mother reports to the nurse that her 6 year old child is highly active irritable irregular in habits and adapts slowly to new routines people or sit
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children ATI

1. A mother reports to the nurse that her 6-year-old child is highly active, irritable, irregular in habits, and adapts slowly to new routines, people, or situations. Which pattern of temperament would best describe the child?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The 'difficult' child is the best way to describe the child in this scenario. This temperament is characterized by high activity levels, irritability, irregular habits, and difficulty adapting to changes. Choice A, the 'easy' child, is known for being generally positive and adaptable. Choice C, the 'slow-to-warm-up' child, typically needs time to adapt to new situations but is not necessarily highly active or irritable. Choice D, the 'fast-to-warm-up' child, adapts quickly to new situations, which contrasts with the child's slow adaptation mentioned in the scenario.

2. The parent asks when the soft area in the infant's head will go away. What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best response by the nurse is A, as the anterior fontanel typically closes between 12-18 months of age, allowing for brain growth during infancy. Choice B is incorrect because it does not provide a specific timeframe for the closure of the fontanel. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a later closure timeframe than usual. Choice D is incorrect as it states that the soft spots should have closed already, which is inaccurate for a 6-month-old infant.

3. A mother delivers an infant at 30 weeks gestation. The mother asks the nurse for information on nutrition and if formula would be better since the baby is premature. What is the foundation for the response to the mother by the nurse?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Human milk is the preferred food for infants, including preterm infants. It contains essential ingredients necessary for the infant's growth and development. The mother should pump her breasts to provide milk for the infant if the child is receiving enteral feedings. Once the infant can coordinate breathing, sucking, and swallowing, breastfeeding directly is encouraged. Studies have shown that preterm infants fed fortified human milk have better outcomes compared to those fed commercial infant formulas. Commercial infant formulas may not fully meet the unique nutritional needs of preterm infants, leading to potential longer hospital stays. Therefore, human milk is the best choice for feeding premature infants.

4. A newborn is admitted to the nursery with a complete bilateral cleft lip and palate. The mother refuses to see or hold her infant. What should the nurse do first?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In this situation, the priority is to acknowledge and validate the mother's feelings, creating a supportive environment for her. Option D is correct as it focuses on recognizing and allowing the mother to express her emotions. This approach can help build trust and facilitate communication. Options A and B are incorrect as they do not address the mother's emotional needs and may come across as dismissive. Option C is less appropriate as it only encourages expression without explicitly recognizing the mother's current emotional state.

5. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should the nurse do first?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Introducing oneself is the first step in establishing a rapport and setting a professional tone for the interaction.

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