ATI RN
WGU Pathophysiology Final Exam
1. A male patient is receiving testosterone therapy for hypogonadism. What adverse effect should the nurse monitor during this therapy?
- A. Increased risk of cardiovascular events
- B. Increased risk of liver dysfunction
- C. Increased risk of prostate cancer
- D. Increased risk of bone fractures
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased risk of cardiovascular events. Testosterone therapy can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular events like heart attacks and strokes, especially in older patients. Choice B, increased risk of liver dysfunction, is not a common adverse effect of testosterone therapy. Choice C, increased risk of prostate cancer, is a concern when using testosterone therapy in patients with existing prostate cancer, but not a general adverse effect. Choice D, increased risk of bone fractures, is not typically associated with testosterone therapy.
2. Normal human cells have ________
- A. twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes.
- B. twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs, one autosomal pair, and one pair of sex chromosomes.
- C. twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs.
- D. twenty-three chromosome pairs.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Normal human cells have twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes. This is the correct answer as it accurately describes the typical chromosome count in human cells. Choice B is incorrect because it mentions 'twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs,' which is not characteristic of normal cells. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests having 'two trisomy chromosome pairs,' which is abnormal. Choice D is incorrect as it states 'twenty-three chromosome pairs,' which is not the standard count in normal human cells.
3. A nurse in a provider's office is assessing the motor skill development of a 15-month-old toddler during a well-child visit. What gross motor skill should the nurse expect?
- A. Jumps with both feet
- B. Runs with coordination
- C. Walks without assistance
- D. Kicks a ball forward
Correct answer: C
Rationale: At 15 months, a toddler should be able to walk without assistance. Walking without assistance is a major gross motor skill milestone at this age, indicating the child's physical development and coordination. Choices A, B, and D are developmentally inappropriate for a 15-month-old. Jumping with both feet, running with coordination, and kicking a ball forward typically develop later in a child's growth and are more advanced skills compared to walking independently.
4. A client has a newly inserted chest drainage system with a water seal. Which of the following actions should be taken?
- A. Clamp the tube when the client is ambulating.
- B. Keep the collection device below the level of the client's chest.
- C. Carefully coil the tubes to prevent kinking.
- D. Position the client flat to avoid leaks in the tubing.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Keeping the collection device below the level of the client's chest ensures proper drainage and prevents backflow of fluid into the patient's chest. This position allows gravity to assist in the drainage process. Clamping the tube when the client is ambulating can cause a buildup of pressure in the chest drainage system, potentially leading to complications. Carefully coiling the tubes is important to prevent obstructions and kinks that could impede the flow of drainage. Positioning the client flat may not be ideal as it could hinder proper drainage and increase the risk of leaks in the tubing.
5. Which of the following factors is believed to be linked to Crohn’s disease?
- A. Constipation
- B. Diet
- C. Hereditary
- D. Lack of exercise
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Crohn's disease is believed to have a hereditary link, with genetic factors playing a significant role in its development.
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