Nursing Elites

1. Which metabolic disease is characterized by poor healing, severe forms of periodontal disease, necrosis, xerostomia, and candidiasis?

• A. Hypopituitarism
• B. Diabetes mellitus
• C. Hyperthyroidism
• D. Renal disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is the correct answer. It is associated with poor wound healing, severe periodontal disease, tissue necrosis, dry mouth (xerostomia), and an increased susceptibility to oral infections like candidiasis. Hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and renal disease are not typically linked to the specific oral manifestations described in the question.

2. A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease is being taught by a nurse about managing the illness. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Limit fluid intake not related to meals.
• B. Chew on mint leaves to relieve indigestion.
• C. Avoid eating within 3 hours of bedtime.
• D. Season foods with black pepper.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct recommendation for managing gastroesophageal reflux disease is to avoid eating within 3 hours of bedtime. This helps prevent acid reflux by allowing food to digest before lying down. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Limiting fluid intake not related to meals is not a standard recommendation for managing GERD. Chewing on mint leaves may worsen symptoms as mint can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back up. Seasoning foods with black pepper does not specifically help manage GERD.

3. Which of the following is NOT a part of a process recording?

• A. Non-verbal narrative account
• B. Analysis and interpretation
• C. Audio-visual recording
• D. Verbal narrative account

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A process recording typically includes a non-verbal narrative account (Choice A), an analysis and interpretation (Choice B), and a verbal narrative account (Choice D). These components help in providing a comprehensive assessment of a patient's condition and ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted for optimized outcomes. An audio-visual recording (Choice C), while it can be a part of some data collection processes, is not typically included in a process recording, making it the correct answer.

4. By the age of three, which age-appropriate food skill can a child typically perform?

• A. Using utensils and a napkin
• B. Spearing food with a fork
• C. Measuring liquids
• D. Displaying proper table manners

Correct answer: B

Rationale: By the age of three, a child typically develops the motor skills needed to spear food with a fork. This is a critical milestone in self-feeding as it shows progress in fine motor coordination. Choice 'A' is incorrect because using utensils and a napkin properly is a skill that may take longer to develop and refine. Choice 'C' is not correct as measuring liquids requires a higher level of motor skills and understanding of quantities that a three-year-old child might not possess. Choice 'D' is also incorrect as the proper display of table manners is a complex skill that is typically learned over a longer period and involves social and cultural norms.

5. Can soluble fibers be fermented by gut bacteria?

• A. TRUE
• B. FALSE
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Soluble fibers can indeed be fermented by gut bacteria in the large intestine, leading to the production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids. This fermentation process is important for gut health and provides various health benefits. Therefore, the statement is true. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the known scientific fact that soluble fibers can be broken down by gut bacteria through fermentation.

Similar Questions