Nursing Elites

1. A community health nurse is conducting a class on what to expect during pregnancy. What instruction should the nurse include on weight gain?

• A. Failure to obtain the required weight gain during pregnancy will increase the risk of preterm birth.
• B. An obese client should not gain as much weight as a client with a normal body mass index.
• C. A client with a normal body mass index should plan on gaining 50 pounds.
• D. Clients do not need to eat for two when they are pregnant.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Adequate weight gain during pregnancy is essential as failure to obtain the required weight gain can increase the risk of preterm birth. Choice B is incorrect because it is important for obese clients to gain an appropriate amount of weight during pregnancy, not the same as those with a normal body mass index. Choice C is incorrect as gaining 50 pounds for a client with a normal body mass index is excessive. Choice D is incorrect as the common saying 'eating for two' during pregnancy is a misconception; pregnant individuals do not need to double their caloric intake.

2. A nurse is caring for a client who is lactose intolerant. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse assess?

• A. Fever
• B. Blood in stools
• C. Cramping
• D. Steatorrhea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cramping. Cramping is a common clinical manifestation of lactose intolerance due to the inability to digest lactose properly. Fever (choice A) is not typically associated with lactose intolerance. Blood in stools (choice B) is more indicative of other gastrointestinal issues like inflammatory bowel disease. Steatorrhea (choice D) is the presence of excess fat in the stool and is not a typical symptom of lactose intolerance.

3. This flip-over card is usually kept in a portable file at the Nurse’s Station. It has 2-parts: the activity and treatment section and a nursing care plan section. This carries information about basic demographic data, primary medical diagnosis, current orders of the physician to be carried out by the nurse, written nursing care plan, nursing orders, scheduled tests and procedures, safety precautions in patient care and factors related to daily living activities. This record is used in the charge-of-shift reports or during the bedside rounds or walking rounds. What record is this?

• A. Discharge Summary
• B. Medicine and Treatment Record
• C. Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet
• D. Nursing Kardex

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. Why might patients with periodontal disease require increased protein intake?

• A. Both the statement and the reason are correct and related
• B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
• C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
• D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patients with periodontal disease may require increased protein intake due to the physiological response to inflammation and infection, which can negatively impact protein synthesis. Protein is essential for wound healing and tissue repair, and an infection can increase the body's protein requirements. Therefore, ensuring an adequate protein intake is particularly important for these patients. Choice A is correct because the statement and reason are both accurate and directly related to each other, supporting the increased protein needs in patients with periodontal disease. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately assess the relationship between the statement and the reason provided in the question.

5. Discharge plans of diabetic clients include injection site rotation. You should emphasize that the space between sites should be:

• A. 6.0 cm.
• B. 5.0 cm.
• C. 2.5 cm.
• D. 4.0 cm.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

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