ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam
1. A client with Parkinson's disease is prescribed carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). What should the nurse include in the teaching about this medication?
- A. Take the medication without a high-protein meal.
- B. Expect the medication to take several weeks to reach full effectiveness.
- C. The medication may cause urine to turn light.
- D. You may experience a rapid heartbeat as a common side effect.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Patients prescribed carbidopa-levodopa should be informed that it may take several weeks for the medication to reach its full therapeutic effectiveness in managing Parkinson's disease symptoms. This delayed onset of action is important for patients to be aware of to prevent premature discontinuation of the medication due to perceived lack of efficacy.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer Haloperidol 2 mg PO every 12 hr. The available medication is haloperidol 1 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the healthcare professional administer?
- A. 1 tablet
- B. 2 tablets
- C. 3 tablets
- D. 4 tablets
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To calculate the number of tablets needed, divide the desired dose by the dose per tablet. In this case, (2 mg / 1 mg/tablet) = 2 tablets required to administer the correct dosage of Haloperidol.
3. Cellular swelling is:
- A. Irreversible
- B. Evident early in all types of cellular injury
- C. Manifested by decreased intracellular sodium
- D. None of the above is correct
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Cellular swelling is indeed evident early in all types of cellular injury. This occurs due to the influx of water into the cell, leading to swelling. Choice A is incorrect because cellular swelling is reversible if the injury is not severe. Choice C is incorrect because cellular swelling is not manifested by decreased intracellular sodium; in fact, it is associated with increased intracellular sodium due to water influx. Choice D is incorrect as option B is the correct statement.
4. Which perspective or viewpoint focuses on intrapsychic conflicts as the cause of psychopathology?
- A. Biological
- B. Behavioral
- C. Psychodynamic
- D. Sociocultural
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Psychodynamic. The psychodynamic perspective emphasizes the role of intrapsychic conflicts, often related to unconscious processes, in the development of psychopathology. This perspective, founded by Sigmund Freud, suggests that unresolved conflicts from early childhood experiences can manifest as mental health issues. Choice A, Biological, focuses on the physiological aspects of psychopathology, such as genetics and neurobiology. Choice B, Behavioral, looks at how behavior is learned and reinforced. Choice D, Sociocultural, considers the influence of social and cultural factors on mental health.
5. In persons who are obese, weight reduction can improve such CHD risk factors as hypertension, blood lipid abnormalities, and?
- A. inflammation
- B. insulin resistance
- C. gastrointestinal motility disorders
- D. damage from cigarette smoking
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Weight reduction in obese individuals can improve insulin resistance, a key factor in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
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