a client with a diagnosis of human immunodefiency virus develops pneumonia what type of infection is this
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Multi Dimensional Care | Exam | Rasmusson

1. A client with a diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus develops pneumonia. What type of infection is this?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: An opportunistic infection. In patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), infections like pneumonia are considered opportunistic because they take advantage of a weakened immune system. Option B, root cause infection, is incorrect as it does not describe the nature of the infection in relation to the patient's condition. Option C, pathogenic infection, is incorrect because while pneumonia is caused by pathogens, in the context of HIV, it is specifically termed as an opportunistic infection. Option D, nosocomial infection, is also incorrect as it refers to infections acquired in a healthcare setting, not related to the patient's HIV status.

2. A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old male quadriplegic client. Which of the following treatments would the nurse perform to decrease the risk of joint contracture and promote joint mobility?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is to provide passive range of motion (ROM). In quadriplegic clients, who have limited or no movement of their limbs, passive ROM exercises are crucial to maintain joint mobility and prevent joint contractures. Administering glucosamine supplements (choice A) is not directly related to promoting joint mobility. Turning the client every 2 hours (choice B) is essential for preventing pressure ulcers but does not directly address joint contracture and mobility. Providing active ROM exercises (choice C) may not be suitable for quadriplegic clients as they are unable to perform these movements on their own.

3. What is not a nursing intervention for a client with osteoporosis?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Avoiding muscle strengthening exercises is not recommended for clients with osteoporosis; on the contrary, weight-bearing exercises are beneficial. Choice A is correct as ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is essential for bone health. Choice B is also correct as weight-bearing exercises help improve bone density. Choice D is incorrect because avoiding repetitive movements is not a standard nursing intervention for osteoporosis.

4. What is the most common method of reducing and immobilizing a fracture?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) is the most common method for reducing and immobilizing fractures.

5. What is the intended outcome for the treatment of glaucoma?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lower the intraocular pressure. The primary objective of treating glaucoma is to reduce intraocular pressure to prevent further vision loss. Choice A, 'Improve the vision of the eye,' is incorrect because while treatment may prevent vision loss, it does not necessarily improve vision. Choice B, 'Strengthen the muscles of the eye,' is incorrect as glaucoma primarily involves the optic nerve and not muscle weakness. Choice D, 'Dry up excess secretions,' is not related to the treatment goal of glaucoma which is focused on managing intraocular pressure.

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