Nursing Elites

1. A patient is admitted to the emergency room and is found to have proteinuria, a low serum albumin level, edema, and elevated blood lipids. Which condition do these symptoms typically associate with?

• A. Nephrotic syndrome
• B. Acute kidney injury
• C. Rejection of a kidney transplant
• D. Renal colic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nephrotic syndrome. Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria (excess protein in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low serum albumin), edema (swelling due to fluid buildup), and hyperlipidemia (elevated blood lipids). These symptoms occur as a result of damage to the kidneys' filtering units. Acute kidney injury, rejection of a kidney transplant, and renal colic do not present with the same combination of symptoms as nephrotic syndrome. Acute kidney injury typically presents with a sudden decrease in kidney function, resulting in a build-up of waste products in the blood. Rejection of a kidney transplant may present with fever, pain at the transplant site, and changes in urine output. Renal colic usually presents with intense pain in the lower back or side, related to kidney stones.

2. Which of the following categories identifies the focus of community/public health nursing practice?

• A. Promoting and maintaining the health of populations and preventing and minimizing the progress of disease
• B. Rehabilitation and restorative services
• C. Adaptation of hospital care to the home environment
• D. Hospice care delivery

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

3. Mr. Bruno asks what the “normal” allowable salt intake is. Your best response to Mr. Bruno is:

• A. 1 tsp of salt/day with iodine and sprinkle of MSG
• B. 5 gms per day or 1 tsp of table salt/day
• C. 1 tbsp of salt/day with some patis and toyo
• D. 1 tsp of salt/day but no patis and toyo

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

4. The nurse knows that the most common complication of Measles is: A Pneumonia and larynigotracheitis

• A. Encephalitis
• B. Otitis Media
• C. Bronchiectasis
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. What dietary factor raises triglyceride levels?

• A. high refined carbohydrate intake
• B. low soluble fiber intake
• C. high iron intake
• D. low fat intake

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: high refined carbohydrate intake. High intake of refined carbohydrates, such as sugars and white flour, can lead to elevated triglyceride levels, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Choice B, low soluble fiber intake, is incorrect because soluble fiber actually helps lower triglyceride levels. Choice C, high iron intake, is incorrect as iron intake is not directly linked to raising triglyceride levels. Choice D, low fat intake, is also incorrect as not all fats raise triglyceride levels; it depends on the type of fat consumed.

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