ATI RN
Oncology Questions
1. A client in the oncology clinic reports her family is frustrated at her ongoing fatigue 4 months after radiation therapy for breast cancer. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Are you getting adequate rest and sleep each day?
- B. It is normal to be fatigued even for months afterward.
- C. This is not normal and I’ll let the primary health care provider know.
- D. Try adding more vitamins B and C to your diet.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Radiation-induced fatigue can last for months; it’s important to normalize this for the client.
2. A client who is intubated and has an intra-aortic balloon pump is restless and agitated. What action should the nurse perform first for comfort?
- A. Allow family members to remain at the bedside.
- B. Ask the family if the client would like a fan in the room.
- C. Keep the television tuned to the client's favorite channel.
- D. Speak loudly to the client in case of hearing problems.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the family to remain at the bedside can help calm the client with familiar voices and presence, potentially reducing restlessness and agitation. Introducing a fan may not be the priority as it can spread germs through air movement. Keeping the television on all the time may not promote rest and recovery. Speaking loudly is not advisable as it may further agitate the client. Therefore, the initial action of allowing family members to stay is most likely to provide comfort and reassurance to the client.
3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is postpartum and has an episiotomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Avoid sitting for long periods of time.
- B. Apply a cold pack to the perineal area for the first 24 hours.
- C. Use a sitz bath once per week.
- D. Begin Kegel exercises after the first week.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement to include in the teaching is to apply a cold pack to the perineal area for the first 24 hours. This helps reduce swelling and promote comfort, aiding in the healing process after an episiotomy. Option A is incorrect as it does not provide specific guidance on managing postpartum recovery. Option C is incorrect because using a sitz bath once per week may not be frequent enough for proper wound care. Option D is incorrect because beginning Kegel exercises immediately after delivery can put excessive strain on the perineal area, potentially hindering healing.
4. When an individual uses the defense mechanism of displacement after the boss openly disagrees with suggestions, what behavior would be expected from this individual?
- A. The individual assertively confronts the boss
- B. The individual leaves the staff meeting to work out in the gym
- C. The individual criticizes a coworker
- D. The individual takes the boss out to lunch
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The individual using the defense mechanism of displacement would criticize a coworker after being confronted by the boss. Displacement involves transferring feelings from one target to a neutral or less-threatening target, hence the individual criticizing a coworker instead of directly confronting the boss. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the individual is not likely to assertively confront the boss when using displacement. Choice B is incorrect as leaving the meeting to work out in the gym is not a typical response when displacement is used. Choice D is incorrect as taking the boss out to lunch does not align with the concept of displacement, which involves redirecting emotions onto another target.
5. A client with asthma is assessed by a nurse and presents with bilateral wheezing, decreased pulse oxygen saturation, and suprasternal retraction on inhalation. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
- A. Administer prescribed albuterol (Ventolin) inhaler.
- B. Assess the client for tracheal deviation.
- C. Administer oxygen to maintain saturations greater than 94%.
- D. Perform peak expiratory flow measurements.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Suprasternal retraction during inhalation indicates the use of accessory muscles and difficulty in moving air due to airway narrowing, supported by bilateral wheezing and decreased pulse oxygen saturation. This client needs immediate intervention as their asthma is not responding to the medication. Administering oxygen to maintain saturations above 94% is crucial to ensure adequate oxygenation. While administering a rescue inhaler could also be necessary, oxygen therapy takes priority in this situation.
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