ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Exit Exam 2023
1. A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about clients designating a health care proxy. Which of the following information should the charge nurse include?
- A. The proxy should make health care decisions for the client regardless of the client's ability to do so
- B. The proxy can make financial decisions if the need arises
- C. The proxy can make treatment decisions if the client is under anesthesia
- D. The proxy should manage legal issues for the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the health care proxy can make treatment decisions for the client if the client is under anesthesia. This aligns with the concept of durable power of attorney for health care, where the proxy is authorized to make health care decisions when the client is unable to do so. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect because the proxy should make health care decisions only when the client is unable to do so. Choice B is incorrect as financial decisions are not typically within the scope of a health care proxy. Choice D is incorrect as managing legal issues is not the primary role of a health care proxy.
2. Nurse Joy is caring for a client with cancer who has been receiving cisplatin (Platinol-AQ). Which laboratory result requires an intervention by the nurse?
- A. White blood cell count of 6000 cells/microL
- B. Serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L
- C. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 18 mg/dL
- D. Platelet count of 150,000 cells/microL
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A BUN level of 18 mg/dL is within the normal range; however, since cisplatin is nephrotoxic, it requires close monitoring. Elevated BUN levels can indicate impaired kidney function. Choices A, B, and D are within normal ranges and do not directly relate to cisplatin therapy or require immediate intervention.
3. The healthcare provider is conducting a respiratory assessment and is determining respirations per minute. Which factor(s) generally affect the character of respirations? Select all that apply.
- A. Anxiety
- B. Exercise
- C. Smoking
- D. A, B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Correct! Anxiety and exercise can significantly alter the character of respirations, increasing the rate and depth. Smoking, while harmful to the respiratory system in the long term, does not directly affect the character of respirations like anxiety and exercise do. Therefore, choices C (Smoking) is incorrect. The correct answer is D (A, B).
4. Each statement is true of proteins, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Proteins are composed of building blocks called amino acids
- B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is based on the properties of their side chains
- C. The general structure of an amino acid varies considerably
- D. Amino acids polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The classification of the 20 common amino acids is not based on the properties of their side chains, but rather on the structure of their amino and carboxyl groups. These groups are consistent among all amino acids, while the side chains, also known as R groups, are what vary and give each amino acid its unique properties. Choice A is correct because proteins are indeed composed of amino acids. Choice C is incorrect because while the side chains of amino acids can vary, the general structure of an amino acid - a central carbon atom bonded to an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain - is consistent. Choice D is correct because amino acids do polymerize to form long chains called polypeptides, which can then fold into complex shapes to form proteins.
5. A client diagnosed with bipolar disorder is experiencing a manic episode. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage the client to participate in group therapy.
- B. Place the client in a private room to decrease stimulation.
- C. Encourage the client to participate in physical activity.
- D. Administer a prescribed sedative.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: During a manic episode, individuals with bipolar disorder may be easily overstimulated. Placing the client in a private room to decrease environmental stimuli is the priority intervention. This action can help reduce the risk of exacerbating manic symptoms and promote a calmer environment for the client. Choice A is not the priority as group therapy may be overwhelming during a manic episode. Choice C could potentially increase stimulation rather than decrease it. Choice D should not be the first action as sedatives are generally not the initial intervention for managing manic episodes.
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