Nursing Elites

1. A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?

• A. Before aerosol treatment
• B. After suctioning
• C. Before postural drainage
• D. Before meals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.

2. What is a high-fiber food that the nurse should recommend for a child with chronic constipation?

• A. White rice
• B. Popcorn
• C. Fruit juice
• D. Ripe bananas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Popcorn is a high-fiber food that can help manage chronic constipation in children. Other options like white rice and ripe bananas are low in fiber and less effective for treating constipation.

3. Which immunization should the nurse include in a teaching session for parents of toddler-age clients to decrease the risk for epiglottitis?

• A. Hepatitis B
• B. Polio
• C. Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
• D. Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine. Hib vaccine is crucial in preventing epiglottitis, a serious respiratory condition caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria. This vaccine is recommended for toddlers to protect them from developing epiglottitis. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while they are important vaccines for children, they do not specifically target the prevention of epiglottitis, unlike the Hib vaccine.

4. Which type of play would be most beneficial for preparing a preschool-age child for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?

• A. Cooperative play
• B. Associative play
• C. Dramatic play
• D. Onlooker play

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dramatic play involves role-playing, allowing children to act out scenarios and become more comfortable with them. This type of play can help reduce anxiety about upcoming events like surgery. Cooperative play involves working together towards a common goal, associative play involves loosely interacting with others, and onlooker play involves observing others play without actively participating. These types of play are not as directly related to preparing a child for surgery and reducing stress as dramatic play.

5. What information does the nurse include when teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children?

• A. May reduce pain perception.
• B. Make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary.
• C. Usually take too long to implement.
• D. Trick children into believing they do not have pain.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'May reduce pain perception.' When teaching parents about nonpharmacologic strategies for pain management in children, the nurse should include information that these techniques may help reduce pain perception, make the pain more tolerable, decrease anxiety, and enhance the effectiveness of analgesics. It is important to note that nonpharmacologic techniques should be learned before the pain occurs, and it is beneficial to use both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures for pain control. Choice B is incorrect because nonpharmacologic strategies do not make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary but rather complement them. Choice C is incorrect as nonpharmacologic techniques, when properly learned and applied, do not usually take too long to implement. Choice D is incorrect as the goal of nonpharmacologic strategies is not to trick children into believing they do not have pain, but to help them cope with and manage their pain effectively.

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