Nursing Elites

1. A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?

• A. Before aerosol treatment
• B. After suctioning
• C. Before postural drainage
• D. Before meals

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.

2. A school-age child with celiac disease asks for guidance about snacks that will not exacerbate the disease. What snack should the nurse suggest?

• A. Pizza
• B. Pretzels
• C. Popcorn
• D. Oatmeal cookies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Popcorn is a safe snack for a child with celiac disease as it is naturally gluten-free. Other options like pizza, pretzels, and oatmeal cookies typically contain gluten unless specifically made with gluten-free ingredients, which can exacerbate celiac symptoms. Therefore, popcorn is the best option to suggest to the child to avoid any adverse effects on their condition.

3. How is family systems theory best described?

• A. The family is viewed as the sum of individual members
• B. A change in one family member cannot create a change in other members
• C. Individual family members are readily identified as the source of a problem
• D. When the family system is disrupted, change can occur at any point in the system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Family systems theory views the family as a whole, where changes in one member affect the entire system, and changes can occur at any point within the system.

4. Why does the nurse have a 2-year-old boy sit in a “tailor” position while palpating for the presence of the testes?

• A. It prevents the cremasteric reflex
• B. Undescended testes can be palpated
• C. The child has an inguinal hernia
• D. The child does not yet have a need for privacy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The tailor position stretches the muscle responsible for the cremasteric reflex, preventing it from contracting and pulling the testes into the pelvic cavity. This position helps accurately palpate the testes. Choice B is incorrect because the position does not facilitate the palpation of undescended testes specifically. Choice C is incorrect as it does not relate to the rationale behind the tailor position. Choice D is incorrect as the reason for using the tailor position is not related to the child's need for privacy.

5. When teaching a discipline class for parents of pre-schoolers, the nurse will be guided by which principle?

• A. Using the strictest form of punishment at the time of infraction is most effective
• B. Punishment increases unwanted behavior
• C. Discipline is to teach and gradually shift control from parents to child, promoting self-discipline
• D. Discipline and punishment are the same

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct principle to guide the nurse when teaching a discipline class for parents of pre-schoolers is that discipline is meant to teach and gradually shift control from parents to the child, promoting self-discipline. This approach focuses on educating children on appropriate behavior rather than solely relying on punishment. Choice A is incorrect because using the strictest punishment is not the most effective method for discipline. Choice B is incorrect because punishment can reinforce unwanted behavior if not used appropriately. Choice D is incorrect because discipline and punishment are not synonymous; discipline involves a broader aspect of teaching and guiding behavior.

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