ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is descriptive of the school-age child?
- A. Plays alone but not with other children
- B. Plays games with other children and is able to follow the rules of the game
- C. Plays alone with play directed by others
- D. Plays with others in loose groups
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. School-age children are typically able to play structured games with other children and follow the rules of the game. This ability reflects their growing cognitive and social development. Choice A is incorrect as school-age children often engage in group play. Choice C is incorrect as school-age children usually have more autonomy in their play choices. Choice D is incorrect as school-age children tend to form more organized play settings rather than loose groups.
2. What should the nurse prioritize when monitoring an older adult client immediately following a bronchoscopy?
- A. Observing for confusion
- B. Auscultating breath sounds
- C. Confirming the gag reflex
- D. Measuring blood pressure
Correct answer: C: Confirming the gag reflex
Rationale: Following a bronchoscopy, the priority for the nurse is to confirm the gag reflex in the older adult client. This is crucial to ensure that the client's airway is protected and free from any obstruction or aspiration. Monitoring the gag reflex helps in preventing complications such as aspiration pneumonia. While auscultating breath sounds, observing for confusion, and measuring blood pressure are important assessments, confirming the gag reflex takes precedence in this situation to maintain airway patency and prevent potential respiratory complications.
3. Which of the following statements is true?
- A. Most behavioral disorders are determined exclusively by genes.
- B. Genes play a role in most mental disorders.
- C. Genes do not affect biochemical processes.
- D. The genes that will be expressed in an individual are not affected by experience.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Genes play a role in most mental disorders.' This statement is true as genes do play a significant role in the development of various mental disorders. Choice A is incorrect because most behavioral disorders are influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and other factors, not exclusively genes. Choice C is incorrect as genes do affect biochemical processes. Choice D is incorrect because the expression of genes in an individual can be influenced by experiences and environmental factors, a concept known as gene-environment interaction.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about strategies to prevent constipation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. Drinking four to five glasses of water per day will prevent constipation.
- B. I should consume mineral oil once per day.
- C. Eating foods high in fiber will make elimination easier.
- D. I can skip a meal if I feel bloated.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Eating foods high in fiber increases stool bulk and promotes easier elimination, thus preventing constipation. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Drinking water is important, but the emphasis should be on high-fiber foods. Mineral oil is not a recommended first-line treatment for constipation, and skipping meals can disrupt regular bowel movements, potentially leading to constipation.
5. Which family theory is described as a series of tasks for the family throughout its life span?
- A. Exchange theory
- B. Developmental theory
- C. Structural-functional theory
- D. Symbolic interactional theory
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Developmental theory outlines the series of tasks and stages that a family goes through over its life span, helping to understand the family's development and needs over time.