Nursing Elites

1. As children grow and develop, their style of play changes. Which play style is descriptive of the school-age child?

• A. Plays alone but not with other children
• B. Plays games with other children and is able to follow the rules of the game
• C. Plays alone with play directed by others
• D. Plays with others in loose groups

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. School-age children are typically able to play structured games with other children and follow the rules of the game. This ability reflects their growing cognitive and social development. Choice A is incorrect as school-age children often engage in group play. Choice C is incorrect as school-age children usually have more autonomy in their play choices. Choice D is incorrect as school-age children tend to form more organized play settings rather than loose groups.

2. The parent of a 3-month-old infant is concerned because the infant is not able to sit independently. How should the nurse respond to this parent's concern?

• A. Sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are not correlated.
• B. Most infants sit steadily at 4 months.
• C. Most infants sit steadily at 3 months.
• D. Most infants do not sit steadily until 6-8 months.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because sitting steadily typically occurs closer to 6-8 months of age, not 3 or 4 months. Choice A is incorrect because sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are not related. Choice B and C are incorrect as most infants do not sit steadily at 3 or 4 months, and it is more common for infants to achieve this milestone around 6-8 months.

3. The nurse suspects fluid overload in an infant receiving intravenous fluids. What clinical manifestation is suggestive of water intoxication?

• A. Oliguria
• B. Weight loss
• C. Irritability and seizures
• D. Muscle weakness and cardiac dysrhythmias

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Water intoxication can lead to cerebral edema, causing neurological symptoms such as irritability and seizures. Oliguria, weight loss, and muscle weakness are not typical signs of water intoxication.

4. The nurse is teaching parents about diarrhea in young children. A parent asks the nurse what causes most cases of diarrhea in young children. How should the nurse respond?

• A. Rotavirus
• B. Giardia
• C. Shigella
• D. Salmonella

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Rotavirus is the most common cause of diarrhea in young children, particularly those under the age of 2. Giardia, Shigella, and Salmonella can also cause diarrhea, but in the context of young children, Rotavirus is the primary pathogen responsible for diarrheal illnesses.

5. At a well-visit, a mother voices concern that her 30-month-old has a smaller vocabulary than other children in his daycare. The nurse should:

• A. Admit the child to the hospital
• B. Assess the child for other age-appropriate development
• C. Suggest that the child is hearing impaired
• D. Explain that the child has a significant developmental delay

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a parent expresses concern about a child's development, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive assessment of all areas of development before jumping to conclusions. Choosing option B allows the nurse to evaluate the child for other age-appropriate developmental milestones to determine if there are any delays or concerns. Admitting the child to the hospital (option A) is not necessary at this point and may cause unnecessary stress. Suggesting hearing impairment (option C) without proper evaluation can lead to misdiagnosis. Explaining a significant developmental delay (option D) should only be done after a thorough assessment and diagnosis.

Similar Questions