Nursing Elites

1. A 48-year-old male patient screened for diabetes at a clinic has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L). The nurse will plan to teach the patient about

• A. self-monitoring of blood glucose
• B. using low doses of regular insulin
• C. lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose
• D. effects of oral hypoglycemic medications

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a patient has a fasting plasma glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L), indicating prediabetes, the initial approach is focused on lifestyle modifications to lower blood glucose levels. These changes may include dietary adjustments, increased physical activity, and weight management. Self-monitoring of blood glucose, insulin therapy, and oral hypoglycemic medications are not typically the first-line interventions for patients with prediabetes. Educating the patient about lifestyle changes to lower blood glucose is the most appropriate action at this stage.

2. From a unit perspective, disruptive and violent patient behavior may be distracting to patients and staff. As the nurse manager, you are concerned about: (EXCEPT)

• A. Patient and staff safety.
• B. Team tension.
• C. Fear of disappointment.
• D. Stress levels.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Disruptive and violent patient behavior can indeed pose challenges on a unit. Concerns as a nurse manager would revolve around patient and staff safety (Choice A) due to the risk of harm, team tension (Choice B) arising from managing such situations, and stress levels (Choice D) of both patients and staff. Fear of disappointment (Choice C) is not a typical concern in this scenario and does not directly relate to the immediate impact of disruptive and violent patient behavior.

3. Monitoring the number of times a medication is given utilizing the 'five rights' is an example of which phase of the Six Sigma program?

• A. Measure
• B. Management
• C. Quantitative
• D. Goal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In the Six Sigma program, the 'Measure' phase focuses on monitoring and measuring processes to ensure they meet the desired standards. This includes tracking the number of times a medication is given correctly using the 'five rights' principle. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B, 'Management,' does not specifically relate to monitoring processes or data collection, so it is not the correct answer. Choice C, 'Quantitative,' refers to the use of numerical data in decision-making, which is a broader concept and not specific to monitoring processes within the Six Sigma framework. Choice D, 'Goal,' is too general and does not capture the specific phase of Six Sigma that involves monitoring and measuring processes.

4. Which of the following best describes the role of a nurse case manager?

• A. To provide direct patient care
• B. To manage healthcare facilities
• C. To advocate for patient rights
• D. To coordinate long-term care services

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'To coordinate long-term care services.' A nurse case manager's primary role is to coordinate and manage long-term care services for patients, ensuring continuity and quality of care. Choice A is incorrect because providing direct patient care is typically the responsibility of nurses, not nurse case managers. Choice B is incorrect as managing healthcare facilities is a role usually fulfilled by healthcare administrators. Choice C is incorrect as advocating for patient rights is important but not the primary role of a nurse case manager.

5. What is the primary goal of patient education?

• A. To enhance clinical skills
• B. To ensure patient safety
• C. To empower patients to take control of their health
• D. To improve patient compliance

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'To empower patients to take control of their health.' Patient education aims to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to actively participate in managing their health conditions. Choice A, 'To enhance clinical skills,' is incorrect as patient education focuses on empowering patients, not enhancing healthcare providers' skills. Choice B, 'To ensure patient safety,' is incorrect because while patient safety is crucial, the primary goal of patient education is to empower patients. Choice D, 'To improve patient compliance,' is also incorrect as the main aim is to empower patients to make informed decisions and take an active role in their healthcare.

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