ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 3
1. The client has failed to conceive after many attempts over a three-year time period and asks the nurse, “I have tried everything. What should I do now?” Which statement is the nurse’s best response?
- A. Assess the intravenous fluids for rate and volume
- B. Change the surgical dressing every day at the same time
- C. Monitor the client’s medication levels daily
- D. Monitor the percentage of each meal eaten
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The nurse's best response should focus on providing empathetic support and guiding the client to explore further options, such as fertility specialists or treatments. Assessing intravenous fluids for rate and volume is not relevant to the client's concern about infertility. Changing surgical dressing, monitoring medication levels, and tracking meal intake are all unrelated to the client's fertility issues.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) and is prescribed ciprofloxacin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Tinnitus.
- B. Photosensitivity.
- C. Urinary frequency.
- D. Insomnia.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Photosensitivity. Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used to treat UTIs, can cause photosensitivity as an adverse effect. This reaction makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight, potentially leading to severe sunburns or skin damage. It is crucial for the client to be aware of this adverse effect to take precautions and report any signs of photosensitivity promptly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because tinnitus, urinary frequency, and insomnia are not typically associated with ciprofloxacin use. While urinary frequency might be a symptom of UTI, it is not an adverse effect of the medication itself.
3. A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare this child?
- A. It is unnecessary because of child’s age.
- B. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
- C. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
- D. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative body image.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Preparation is essential even for a young child, as they need to adjust to the temporary colostomy and understand the changes to their body, which can be confusing and distressing without proper explanation.
4. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution emphasized __________ and __________.
- A. the normative approach; survival of the fittest
- B. noble savages; physical maturation
- C. tabula rasa; natural selection
- D. natural selection; survival of the fittest
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Charles Darwin's theory of evolution emphasized natural selection and survival of the fittest. Natural selection is the process by which organisms with traits that help them survive and reproduce in their environment are more likely to pass on these traits to their offspring. Survival of the fittest refers to the idea that the organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual evolution of species over time. Both concepts are central to Darwin's theory of evolution. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the key principles highlighted by Darwin in his theory of evolution.
5. Each of the following accurately describes aspects of the dietary reference intakes (DRIs) published by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) except one. Which one is the exception?
- A. The DRIs replace the older recommended daily allowances.
- B. Current DRIs attempt to estimate required nutrients to improve long-term health.
- C. DRIs specifically address individuals whose requirements are affected by a disease state.
- D. The DRIs attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. DRIs do not specifically address individuals with disease states; they are intended for the general healthy population. Choice A is correct because DRIs indeed replace the older recommended daily allowances. Choice B is correct as current DRIs aim to estimate required nutrients to enhance long-term health. Choice D is accurate as DRIs also attempt to establish maximum safe levels of tolerance for nutrients.