ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Exams Set 4
1. When does short-bowel syndrome usually occur?
- A. The longitudinal muscles of the intestine contract
- B. More than 50% of the small intestine is surgically removed
- C. More than 50% of the large intestine is surgically removed
- D. Transit time is decreased due to infection or drugs
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Short-bowel syndrome typically occurs when more than 50% of the small intestine is surgically removed. This condition leads to malabsorption issues due to the reduced length of the intestine for absorption. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because short-bowel syndrome specifically relates to the insufficient length of the small intestine, not the contraction of longitudinal muscles, surgical removal of the large intestine, or decreased transit time due to infection or drugs.
2. The nurse is preparing a postoperative nursing care plan for the client recovering from a hemorrhoidectomy. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Establish a rapport with the client to decrease embarrassment during site assessment
- B. Encourage the client to lie in the lithotomy position twice a day
- C. Milk the tube inserted during surgery to facilitate the passage of flatus
- D. Digitally dilate the rectal sphincter to express old blood
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Establishing rapport with the client is crucial in postoperative care to create a trusting relationship, reduce embarrassment, and enhance comfort during assessments. Encouraging the client to lie in the lithotomy position is not recommended after a hemorrhoidectomy as it can be uncomfortable and may disrupt wound healing. Milking the tube inserted during surgery is not a standard practice and could lead to complications. Digitally dilating the rectal sphincter is not indicated post-hemorrhoidectomy and can cause harm to the client.
3. A client who _____ diet requires _____ amounts of vitamin C.
- A. Follows a vegan diet
- B. Smokes cigarettes
- C. Follows a vegetarian diet
- D. Follows a ketogenic diet
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Clients who smoke require more vitamin C due to increased oxidative stress and depletion of vitamin C. Smoking leads to the generation of free radicals in the body, causing oxidative stress and consuming higher levels of antioxidants like vitamin C. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the increased need for vitamin C as seen in smokers.
4. In managing cystic fibrosis, which nutrition therapy is crucial for patients with pancreatic insufficiency?
- A. A low-fat diet to prevent steatorrhea
- B. A low-sodium diet to normalize fluid status
- C. A high-fiber diet to normalize bowel function
- D. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy to help digestion
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In cystic fibrosis patients with pancreatic insufficiency, pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is vital for aiding digestion. This therapy helps compensate for the decreased production of digestive enzymes by the pancreas, enabling the proper breakdown and absorption of nutrients. Options A, B, and C are not the primary focus of nutrition therapy for cystic fibrosis patients with pancreatic insufficiency.
5. Before administering an MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine to a 15-month-old, which question should the nurse ask the mother of the child?
- A. “Has your child had any sore throats?”
- B. “Has your child been eating properly?”
- C. “Is your child allergic to any antibiotics?”
- D. “Has your child been exposed to any infections?”
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct question the nurse should ask the mother before administering an MMR vaccine to a 15-month-old is whether the child is allergic to any antibiotics. This is crucial because vaccines like MMR contain components that the child could be allergic to, such as neomycin. Checking for antibiotic allergies is essential to prevent adverse reactions to the vaccine. The other options are less relevant in this context. Asking about sore throats, eating habits, or exposure to infections does not directly impact the administration of the MMR vaccine.