short bowel syndrome usually occurs when

ATI RN

ATI RN Custom Exams Set 4

1. When does short-bowel syndrome usually occur?

A. The longitudinal muscles of the intestine contract
B. More than 50% of the small intestine is surgically removed
C. More than 50% of the large intestine is surgically removed
D. Transit time is decreased due to infection or drugs

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Short-bowel syndrome typically occurs when more than 50% of the small intestine is surgically removed. This condition leads to malabsorption issues due to the reduced length of the intestine for absorption. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because short-bowel syndrome specifically relates to the insufficient length of the small intestine, not the contraction of longitudinal muscles, surgical removal of the large intestine, or decreased transit time due to infection or drugs.

2. The nurse in the pediatric clinic performs a physical assessment of a 13-year-old boy. Which of the following findings by the nurse requires immediate intervention?

A. The adolescent complains of his scrotum aching after exercise. The nurse palpates a worm-like mass above the testes.
B. The nurse noted unilateral breast enlargement.
C. The child’s scrotum appears swollen, and a soft mass is palpated. The nurse is unable to insert a finger above the mass.
D. The child’s scrotum appears enlarged and red. The nurse palpated a thickened and swollen spermatic cord.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is the correct answer because a swollen and thickened spermatic cord could indicate testicular torsion, which is a surgical emergency. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off the blood supply to the testicle. This condition requires immediate intervention to prevent testicular damage. Choices A, B, and C do not present findings that suggest a surgical emergency requiring immediate intervention.

3. The nurse supervises care of a client in Buck’s traction. The nurse determines that care is appropriate if which of the following is observed? (Select all that apply)

A. The nurse removes the foam boot three times per day to inspect the skin
B. The staff turn the client to the unaffected side
C. The staff turn the client to the unaffected side and the nurse asks the client to dorsiflex the foot on the affected leg
D. The nurse asks the client to dorsiflex the foot on the affected leg

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Turning the client to the unaffected side helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers. Dorsiflexion of the foot on the affected leg helps maintain proper alignment and prevent foot drop. The incorrect choices are A and D. Removing the foam boot multiple times per day can disrupt traction, and asking the client to dorsiflex the foot may not be appropriate without ensuring proper alignment and direction from the healthcare provider.

4. Listed below are five categories that identify the responsibilities of the practical nurse manager in personnel management. Which of these categories is most appropriate for the task of 'Ensuring that soldiers are utilized in their MOS'?

A. Accountability
B. Personal/professional development
C. Individual training
D. Military appearance/physical condition

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Accountability.' Accountability involves ensuring that individuals are utilized effectively in their assigned roles, which aligns with the task of 'Ensuring that soldiers are utilized in their MOS.' Personal/professional development (choice B) focuses on personal growth and skill enhancement rather than role utilization. Individual training (choice C) pertains to specific skill development rather than overall role utilization. Military appearance/physical condition (choice D) relates to physical fitness and appearance standards, not role assignments.

5. Why may patients with hiatal hernia develop anemia?

A. Iron absorption is reduced
B. Gastritis may cause bleeding
C. Iron stores turn over more quickly
D. Patients have an aversion to foods that are good sources of iron

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gastritis may cause bleeding. In patients with hiatal hernia, gastritis can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding, resulting in anemia due to blood loss. Choice A is incorrect because hiatal hernia does not directly affect iron absorption. Choice C is incorrect as iron stores turning over more quickly is not a typical reason for anemia in hiatal hernia patients. Choice D is incorrect as an aversion to iron-rich foods does not directly cause anemia in this context.