paralysis of all or part of the trunk legs and pelvic organs is referred to as

ATI RN

ATI Community Health Nursing Ch 7

1. Paralysis of all or part of the trunk, legs, and pelvic organs is referred to as:

A. Hemiplegia
B. Tetraplegia
C. Paraplegia
D. Hemiparesis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Paraplegia is the paralysis of the lower half of the body, including both legs and often the trunk and pelvic organs. Hemiplegia refers to paralysis affecting one side of the body, while tetraplegia involves paralysis of all four limbs and the trunk. Hemiparesis is a partial weakness affecting one side of the body.

2. Which is a primary focus of health promotion activities?

A. Preventing the onset of disease
B. Detecting diseases early to improve outcomes
C. Managing chronic conditions to improve quality of life
D. Providing treatment for existing health conditions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Preventing the onset of disease. Health promotion activities aim to prevent the occurrence of diseases by promoting healthy behaviors and creating supportive environments. By encouraging preventive measures such as vaccination, healthy eating, regular exercise, and stress management, individuals can reduce their risk of developing various illnesses. Detecting diseases early (choice B) focuses more on screening and early diagnosis rather than prevention. Managing chronic conditions (choice C) and providing treatment for existing health conditions (choice D) are important aspects of healthcare but are not the primary focus of health promotion activities, which emphasize disease prevention.

3. The classic definition of public health is:

A. It is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
B. It is the health of individuals and communities that are, to a large extent, affected by a combination of many factors.
C. It refers to the overall health of individuals, families, and communities being influenced by various factors in the ecosystem.
D. It is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts for sanitation, disease control, and health education.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The classic definition of public health is focused on the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized community efforts. This definition emphasizes the importance of community-based interventions to improve public health outcomes such as sanitation, disease control, and health education. Public health aims to address the health needs of populations rather than just individuals, highlighting the collective approach to enhancing the well-being of communities.

4. In a community with competencies, what characteristic demonstrates their ability effectively?

A. Identify their needs, achieve consensus, and plan and implement goals
B. Delegate community processes to an outside expert
C. Conduct their own cross-sectional epidemiological studies
D. Predict morbidity and mortality rates

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A community with competencies can identify its needs, achieve consensus, and effectively plan and implement goals. This showcases their self-sufficiency and collaborative problem-solving skills, enabling them to address community issues efficiently.

5. Which of the following is an example of a communicable disease?

A. Diabetes
B. Hypertension
C. HIV/AIDS
D. Cholera

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cholera is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae and is transmitted through contaminated water or food. It spreads rapidly in areas with poor sanitation and can lead to severe dehydration and even death if untreated. Unlike diabetes and hypertension, which are non-communicable diseases often influenced by lifestyle factors, HIV/AIDS and cholera are infectious diseases that can be transmitted from person to person.