ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology
1. A client in a long-term care facility has Hypothyroidism and a new prescription for Levothyroxine. Which of the following dosage schedules should the nurse expect for this client?
- A. The client will start at a high dose, and the dose will be tapered as needed.
- B. The client will remain on the initial dosage during the course of treatment.
- C. The client's dosage will be adjusted daily based on blood levels.
- D. The client will start on a low dose, which will be gradually increased.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be initiated at a low dose and titrated gradually over several weeks to achieve therapeutic levels. This approach helps to minimize the risk of adverse effects, particularly in older adult clients who may be more sensitive to medication changes. Starting at a low dose allows for close monitoring of the client's response and adjustment of the dosage as needed to optimize treatment outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because starting at a high dose can increase the risk of adverse effects and is not the recommended approach. Choice B is incorrect because maintaining the initial dosage throughout the treatment may not achieve optimal therapeutic levels. Choice C is incorrect because adjusting the dosage daily based on blood levels is not the standard practice for initiating Levothyroxine treatment.
2. Which of the following symptoms is associated with ulcerative colitis?
- A. Dumping syndrome
- B. Rectal bleeding
- C. Soft stools
- D. Fistulas
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Rectal bleeding is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis due to the inflammation and ulceration of the colon lining.
3. The client moves both crutches forward, with weight on the unaffected leg, and then moves the unaffected leg forward, shifting weight onto it. Which of the following gaits is being utilized?
- A. Two-point gait
- B. Three-point gait
- C. Four-point gait
- D. Unaffected gait
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Three-point gait. In a three-point gait, one leg is non-weight bearing, as described in the scenario where the client shifts weight onto the unaffected leg. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. A two-point gait involves partial weight-bearing on both legs, a four-point gait involves weight-bearing on both legs, and 'Unaffected gait' is not a recognized term in gait patterns.
4. What information should you provide to your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That Apply.
- A. Sennosides should be used for short-term therapy
- B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism
- C. The color of the urine may change to pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown
- D. Make sure to use other forms of bowel regulation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When educating a patient taking sennosides, it is important to emphasize that these laxatives should be used for short-term therapy only. The medication does not address hypothyroidism, so this information is not relevant. Patients should be informed that the color of their urine may change to various colors like pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown, which is a common side effect of sennosides. It is advisable to incorporate other forms of bowel regulation alongside sennosides for optimal bowel health. Choice A is correct as it provides essential guidance on the duration of sennosides use. Choice B is incorrect because sennosides are not used to cure hypothyroidism. Choice C is correct as it highlights a common side effect of sennosides. Choice D is incorrect because it does not specifically relate to sennosides but rather suggests using other forms of bowel regulation in general.
5. The oral cavity is the site of a wide variety of systemic disease manifestations due to:
- A. Rapid cellular turnover
- B. Constant attack by microorganisms
- C. Trauma-intense environment
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The oral cavity is indeed the site of various systemic disease manifestations due to multiple factors. Firstly, the rapid cellular turnover in the oral mucosa makes it susceptible to diseases. Secondly, the constant presence of microorganisms in the oral cavity contributes to the development of systemic diseases. Finally, the oral cavity being a trauma-intense environment further increases the risk of systemic manifestations. Therefore, all the provided options - rapid cellular turnover, constant attack by microorganisms, and a trauma-intense environment - play a role in making the oral cavity a site for various systemic diseases. Hence, the correct answer is 'All of the above.' Choices A, B, and C are incorrect individually as they each represent only one aspect of why the oral cavity is prone to systemic disease manifestations, whereas the correct answer encompasses all these factors.
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