Nursing Elites

1. An occupational health nurse in a factory is planning interventions to reduce environmental stressors for employees. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to affect physical agents in the environment?

• A. Teach workers to choose personal strategies to cope with work stress
• B. Limit the amount of time workers spend in temperatures over 43.3°C (110°F)
• C. Provide ear plugs for use at workstations throughout the factory
• D. Obtain dosimeters for employees to wear when using new machinery that emits radiation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limiting exposure to extreme temperatures is important to protect workers from heat-related illnesses.

2. A nurse is assessing a client with diabetes who reports frequent episodes of hypoglycemia. What should the nurse recommend to prevent these episodes?

• A. Increase protein intake
• B. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently
• C. Increase the dose of insulin
• D. Reduce carbohydrate intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct recommendation to prevent hypoglycemic episodes in a client with diabetes who reports frequent episodes is to monitor blood glucose levels frequently. By monitoring blood glucose levels, the nurse can make necessary adjustments to insulin dosage and diet to maintain blood sugar levels within the target range. Increasing protein intake (Choice A) is not directly related to preventing hypoglycemia; it is more important to focus on balancing carbohydrates and insulin. Increasing the dose of insulin (Choice C) without proper monitoring can lead to further hypoglycemic episodes. Similarly, reducing carbohydrate intake (Choice D) should be done cautiously as carbohydrates are a main source of energy and sudden reduction can cause hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.

3. A healthcare professional is planning care for a client who is scheduled for a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional include?

• A. Restrict the client's fluid intake for 4 hours following the procedure
• B. Apply cold compresses to the puncture site after the procedure
• C. Instruct the client to increase oral fluid intake after the procedure
• D. Keep the client in a prone position for 12 hours after the procedure

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct action to include in caring for a client scheduled for a lumbar puncture is to instruct the client to increase oral fluid intake after the procedure. Increasing oral fluid intake helps replace cerebrospinal fluid lost during the lumbar puncture and reduces the risk of headaches. Restricting fluid intake (Choice A) is not recommended as it can lead to dehydration. Applying cold compresses (Choice B) is not necessary after a lumbar puncture. Keeping the client in a prone position for 12 hours (Choice D) is not required after a lumbar puncture and can cause discomfort and complications.

4. A healthcare professional is caring for a client with impaired mobility. Which of the following support devices should the healthcare professional plan to use to prevent the client from developing plantar flexion contractures?

• A. Sheepskin heel pad
• B. Footboard
• C. Trochanter roll
• D. Abduction pillow

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A footboard is the correct choice to prevent plantar flexion contractures by maintaining proper alignment of the feet. Plantar flexion contractures involve the foot pointing downward, and a footboard helps keep the foot in a neutral position. Choice A, the sheepskin heel pad, is used for pressure ulcer prevention and comfort but does not specifically address plantar flexion contractures. Choice C, the trochanter roll, is used for hip positioning, not foot alignment. Choice D, the abduction pillow, is used to maintain proper positioning of the legs but does not directly address plantar flexion contractures.

5. A client has a new prescription for beclomethasone inhaler to use with an albuterol inhaler for asthma maintenance. What should the nurse instruct the client?

• A. Skip doses if breathing improves
• B. Use the albuterol inhaler first
• C. Gargle with water after each use
• D. Store inhaler in the refrigerator

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to gargle with water after each use of the beclomethasone inhaler. Beclomethasone can cause oral thrush, and gargling with water helps prevent this complication. Choice A is incorrect because the client should not skip doses even if breathing improves, as the medications are prescribed for maintenance. Choice B is incorrect as there is no specific instruction to use the albuterol inhaler first in this scenario. Choice D is incorrect because inhalers should not be stored in the refrigerator unless specified by the manufacturer.

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