Nursing Elites

1. An occupational health nurse in a factory is planning interventions to reduce environmental stressors for employees. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to affect physical agents in the environment?

• A. Teach workers to choose personal strategies to cope with work stress
• B. Limit the amount of time workers spend in temperatures over 43.3°C (110°F)
• C. Provide ear plugs for use at workstations throughout the factory
• D. Obtain dosimeters for employees to wear when using new machinery that emits radiation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limiting exposure to extreme temperatures is important to protect workers from heat-related illnesses.

2. A client has a new prescription for guaifenesin. What information regarding the action of guaifenesin should the nurse include in the teaching?

• A. Decreases mucus production
• B. Reduces nasal congestion
• C. Increases cough production
• D. Reduces fever

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increases cough production.' Guaifenesin is an expectorant that works by increasing cough production to help clear secretions from the airways. Option A is incorrect because guaifenesin does not decrease mucus production but rather helps to make the mucus easier to cough up. Option B is incorrect as guaifenesin does not reduce nasal congestion. Option D is incorrect because guaifenesin does not have any effect on reducing fever.

3. A nurse is caring for an older adult client. The nurse informs the client that straining while defecating can cause which of the following?

• A. Diarrhea
• B. Gastric ulcer
• C. Dilated pupils
• D. Dysrhythmias

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dysrhythmias. Straining while defecating can lead to dysrhythmias due to increased vagal stimulation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Straining while defecating is not typically associated with causing diarrhea, gastric ulcers, or dilated pupils.

4. A nurse is preparing to administer morphine sulfate to a client. What should the nurse assess before administration?

• A. Assess for pain relief.
• B. Monitor for respiratory depression.
• C. Assess the infusion site for complications.
• D. Increase the dosage if the client reports more pain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct answer: Before administering morphine sulfate, the nurse should monitor for respiratory depression as it is a significant side effect of this medication. Assessing for pain relief (Choice A) is important but not a pre-administration assessment. Checking the infusion site for complications (Choice C) is relevant for IV medications, not specifically for morphine sulfate. Increasing the dosage if the client reports more pain (Choice D) is not appropriate without further assessment and medical orders.

5. What is the priority action for a patient with a fever?

• A. Administer an antipyretic medication as prescribed.
• B. Assess the patient's temperature regularly.
• C. Provide cooling measures such as a cool compress.
• D. Provide the patient with blankets for comfort.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The priority action when a patient has a fever is to assess the patient's temperature regularly. Monitoring the temperature helps track the effectiveness of interventions and detect any worsening fever. Administering antipyretic medication (Choice A) should be done based on healthcare provider's orders after assessing the patient's condition. While providing cooling measures such as a cool compress (Choice C) can help reduce fever, assessing the temperature takes precedence. Providing blankets for comfort (Choice D) is not the priority when dealing with a fever.

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