Nursing Elites

1. The client asks the nurse what nonpharmacological intervention can be used to reduce pain and swelling in her joints affected by rheumatoid arthritis. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

• A. "Ice packs can be used to reduce swelling but should be removed after 20 minutes."?
• B. "Heat always makes the swelling go down. You do not need any other interventions."?
• C. "Try high impact exercise exercise like running to loosen up your joints and reduce pain."?
• D. "Apply ice packs. It is generally okay to keep them on for up to one hour at a time."?

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

2. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a client with immobility?

• A. Constipation related to immobility
• B. Ineffective breathing pattern related to inability to breathe deeply in a supine position
• C. Risk for impaired skin integrity as evidenced by pressure over bony prominences
• D. Risk for disuse syndrome as evidenced by immobility

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct priority nursing diagnosis for a client with immobility is 'Risk for impaired skin integrity as evidenced by pressure over bony prominences.' Immobility predisposes the client to the development of pressure ulcers due to prolonged pressure on bony areas. Monitoring and preventing impaired skin integrity is crucial to prevent complications. Choices A, B, and D are not the priority in this case. Constipation, ineffective breathing pattern, and disuse syndrome are important but secondary to the immediate risk of skin breakdown associated with immobility.

3. What repetitive stress injury is a factory worker at risk of?

• A. Plantar fasciitis
• B. Osteomalacia
• C. Carpal tunnel syndrome
• D. Osteoporosis

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Factory workers are at risk of developing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome due to repetitive hand movements involved in their work. This condition occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm of the hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist. Plantar fasciitis (choice A) is a condition affecting the foot, not typically associated with factory work. Osteomalacia (choice B) is a softening of the bones due to a lack of vitamin D or calcium, not directly related to repetitive stress in factory work. Osteoporosis (choice D) is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, usually associated with aging or hormonal changes rather than repetitive stress injuries.

4. A nurse is teaching a client who has fibromyalgia about strategies that might help reduce her symptoms. What should the nurse include in the client education?

• A. Avoid exercise during flare-ups
• B. Do high impact exercises like running
• C. Establish a regular sleep pattern
• D. Increase calcium and caffeine intake

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

5. The nurse notices a new area of skin breakdown near the site of a dressing. This would be an example of which phase of the nursing process?

• A. Diagnosis
• B. Assessment
• C. Implementation
• D. Evaluation

Correct answer: B

Rationale:

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