a 4 year old child is admitted to the hospital secondary to dehydration laboratory tests indicate a high hemoglobin and hematocrit and the serum sodiu
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023

1. A 4-year-old child is admitted to the hospital secondary to dehydration. Laboratory tests indicate a high hemoglobin and hematocrit, and the serum sodium is below normal levels. Which condition does the nurse suspect based on the current data?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is hypotonic dehydration. The combination of high hemoglobin and hematocrit with low serum sodium indicates hypotonic dehydration. In this condition, there is an excess of solutes relative to water, leading to higher red blood cell concentration (elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit) and low serum sodium levels.

2. Which statement regarding the human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil) is true?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gardasil is recommended for both males and females to protect against HPV and related conditions such as genital warts and certain cancers. It is essential for both genders to receive the vaccine to prevent the spread of HPV and its associated health risks.

3. Which clean-catch urinalysis finding should raise the most concern for a child admitted to an urgent care center to rule out a urinary tract infection?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A specific gravity of 1.009 is low, indicating diluted urine, which can be concerning in the context of a urinary tract infection. Diluted urine may suggest inadequate concentration due to increased fluid intake or impaired kidney function, which are important considerations in the assessment of a possible UTI.

4. When a patient is taking glucocorticoids and digoxin, which electrolyte should the nurse prioritize monitoring?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should primarily monitor potassium levels in a patient taking glucocorticoids and digoxin. Glucocorticoids can lead to potassium loss, potentially increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity. Additionally, glucocorticoids may worsen hypokalemia induced by diuretics like thiazides and loops. While calcium, magnesium, and sodium are important electrolytes to monitor in various clinical situations, they are not the priority in this specific scenario of a patient on glucocorticoids and digoxin.

5. What type of characteristic is described in this scenario?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The scenario describes a temporary change in Ava's emotional state due to a specific event - the fight with her friend. This aligns with the definition of a situational characteristic, which is influenced by specific circumstances or events. Ava's sadness and tearfulness in this situation are not reflective of a permanent trait but rather a response to a particular situation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. 'Mode Change' does not accurately describe the situation; 'Social' is too broad and does not specifically address Ava's emotional state change; 'Enduring' implies a long-lasting trait, which is not the case in this scenario.

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