Nursing Elites

1. You are teaching your clients the difference between Type I (IDDM) and Type II (NDDM) diabetes. Which of the following statements is true?

• A. Both types of diabetes mellitus clients are prone to developing ketosis.
• B. Type II (NIDDM) is more common and preventable compared to Type I (IDDM) diabetes, which is genetic.
• C. Type I (IIDM) is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia.
• D. Type II (NIDDM) is characterized by abnormal immune response.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Type II diabetes (NIDDM) is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative lack of insulin. It is not primarily characterized by an abnormal immune response. Option A is incorrect because only Type I diabetes clients are prone to developing ketosis due to a lack of insulin. Option B is incorrect because while Type II diabetes is more common and often preventable through lifestyle changes, it is not solely genetic. Option C is incorrect because Type I diabetes, not Type II, is characterized by fasting hyperglycemia due to an absolute lack of insulin production.

2. A nurse should be cognizant that professional programs for specialty certification by the Board of Nursing accredited through the:

• A. Professional Regulation Commission
• B. Nursing Specialty Certification Council
• C. Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing
• D. Philippine Nurse Association

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

3. Which of the following is a normal finding during assessment of a Chest tube in a 3 way bottle system?

• A. There is a continuous bubbling in the drainage bottle
• B. There is an intermittent bubbling in the suction control bottle
• C. The water fluctuates during inhalation of the patient
• D. There is 3 cm of water left in the water seal bottle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

4. When carbohydrates are eliminated from the diet to lose weight, which nutrients are most likely to become insufficient?

• A. Iron, fiber, and protein
• B. Iron, fiber, and vitamin K
• C. Vitamin A and vitamin C
• D. Iron, fiber, and B vitamins

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Iron, fiber, and B vitamins are most likely to become insufficient when carbohydrates are eliminated from the diet to lose weight. Carbohydrates are a primary source of B vitamins and fiber in the diet. Iron can also be obtained from plant-based sources like legumes and whole grains, which are often eliminated when carbohydrates are restricted. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because protein, vitamin K, vitamin A, and vitamin C are not primarily sourced from carbohydrates and are less likely to become insufficient solely due to carbohydrate elimination.

5. What type of drug would most likely be given to a patient following a myocardial infarction?

• A. antiemetic
• B. anticoagulant
• C. anticonvulsant
• D. antibiotic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Anticoagulants are the most suitable choice for a patient following a myocardial infarction. These medications are essential in preventing further blood clots from forming in the arteries, reducing the risk of complications such as strokes or recurrent heart attacks. Antiemetics are used to control nausea and vomiting, not directly related to myocardial infarction. Anticonvulsants are used to manage seizures, not typically indicated after a heart attack. Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial infections, not routinely given after a myocardial infarction.

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