ATI RN
ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019
1. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to be associated with increased risk of macular degeneration?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B12
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin E
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect eye health and prevent macular degeneration.
2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include?
- A. Limit sodium intake to 4 grams per day.
- B. Limit protein intake to 80 grams per day.
- C. Limit saturated fat intake to 7% of daily calories.
- D. Limit fluid intake to 1,500 mL per day.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to limit saturated fat intake to 7% of daily calories. This recommendation is crucial for clients with hypertension to lower cholesterol levels and promote heart health. Choice A, limiting sodium intake to 4 grams per day, is important for hypertension but not the best recommendation compared to limiting saturated fats. Choice B, limiting protein intake to 80 grams per day, is not a primary dietary concern for hypertension. Choice D, limiting fluid intake to 1,500 mL per day, is not a standard recommendation for hypertension management.
3. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute pancreatitis and is at risk for an acid-base imbalance. For which manifestation of this acid-base imbalance should the nurse assess?
- A. Agitation
- B. Kussmaul respirations
- C. Seizures
- D. Positive Chvosteks sign
Correct answer: Kussmaul respirations
Rationale:
4. When caring for an infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Administer antibiotics IM once per day.
- B. Initiate droplet precautions.
- C. Place the infant in a negative-pressure isolation room.
- D. Suction the nasopharynx as needed.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When caring for an infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), maintaining a patent airway is crucial. Suctioning the nasopharynx as needed helps clear secretions, prevent airway obstruction, and promote effective breathing. This intervention can aid in improving the infant's respiratory status and overall comfort. Administering antibiotics IM once per day (Choice A) is not indicated for RSV as it is caused by a virus, not bacteria. Initiating droplet precautions (Choice B) is important to prevent the spread of respiratory infections like RSV, but directly caring for the infant involves more specific interventions. Placing the infant in a negative-pressure isolation room (Choice C) is generally reserved for airborne infections, not RSV which spreads through respiratory droplets.
5. What are the expected changes on an ECG for a patient with hypokalemia?
- A. Flattened T waves
- B. Prominent U waves
- C. ST elevation
- D. Wide QRS complexes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Flattened T waves are an early sign of hypokalemia on an ECG. Hypokalemia primarily manifests as flattened T waves on an ECG. While prominent U waves can be seen in hypokalemia, they are not as specific as flattened T waves. ST elevation is more commonly associated with conditions like myocardial infarction rather than hypokalemia. Wide QRS complexes are typically not a feature of hypokalemia on an ECG.