Nursing Elites

1. Which statement regarding bottle mouth caries requires further teaching?

• A. Caries can be decreased by putting an infant to bed with a bottle of milk or sweetened juice
• B. Eliminating the bedtime bottle or substituting water is recommended
• C. Sugar pools within the oral cavity cause severe decay
• D. It is often seen in children between 18 months and 3 years

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Putting an infant to bed with a bottle of milk or sweetened juice increases the risk of bottle mouth caries rather than decreasing it. This statement requires further teaching as it provides incorrect information. Choice B is correct as eliminating the bedtime bottle or substituting water is recommended to prevent bottle mouth caries. Choice C is also correct as sugar pooling within the oral cavity can indeed cause severe decay. Choice D is correct as bottle mouth caries is often observed in children between 18 months and 3 years.

2. The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child. Which assessment finding would the nurse identify as abnormal?

• A. Pedals tricycle without assistance
• B. Unscrews a bolt on a toy
• C. Falls when bending over to touch toes
• D. Builds a tower of 10 cubes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Falling when bending over to touch toes could indicate a developmental delay or a balance issue that may need further assessment. Choices A, B, and D are typical developmental milestones for a 3-year-old child. Pedaling a tricycle without assistance, unscrewing a bolt on a toy, and building a tower of 10 cubes are all age-appropriate activities for a child of this age.

3. All of the following statements are true regarding the value of play except:

• A. Play helps preschoolers develop moral values
• B. Play helps develop muscle coordination, uses energy, and develops self-confidence
• C. Play is the work of children
• D. Play is not an effective way for the nurse to establish rapport with the child

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Play is an effective way to establish rapport with children as it helps build trust, communication, and a positive relationship. Choices A, B, and C are true statements about the value of play: A) Play helps preschoolers develop moral values by promoting social skills, cooperation, and empathy. B) Play aids in developing muscle coordination, utilizing energy, and fostering self-confidence through physical activities. C) 'Play is the work of children' emphasizes the importance of play in a child's development, learning, and creativity. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it incorrectly suggests that play is not an effective way for the nurse to establish rapport with the child.

4. At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?

• A. 6 months
• B. 9 months
• C. 12 months
• D. 18 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Whole milk should not be introduced before 12 months because it lacks the necessary nutrients, such as iron, that infants need for proper growth and development.

5. Several types of long-term central venous access devices are used. What is a benefit of using an implanted port (e.g., Port-a-Cath)?

• A. You do not need to pierce the skin for access.
• B. It is easy to use for self-administered infusions.
• C. The patient does not need to limit regular physical activity, including swimming.
• D. The catheter cannot dislodge from the port even if the child plays with the port site.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Implanted ports like the Port-a-Cath are fully implanted under the skin, allowing the child to maintain regular physical activities, including swimming, without the risk of dislodging the catheter. Piercing the skin is still required for access, and self-administration is more complex.

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