ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. Which statement regarding bottle mouth caries requires further teaching?
- A. Caries can be decreased by putting an infant to bed with a bottle of milk or sweetened juice
- B. Eliminating the bedtime bottle or substituting water is recommended
- C. Sugar pools within the oral cavity cause severe decay
- D. It is often seen in children between 18 months and 3 years
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Putting an infant to bed with a bottle of milk or sweetened juice increases the risk of bottle mouth caries rather than decreasing it. This statement requires further teaching as it provides incorrect information. Choice B is correct as eliminating the bedtime bottle or substituting water is recommended to prevent bottle mouth caries. Choice C is also correct as sugar pooling within the oral cavity can indeed cause severe decay. Choice D is correct as bottle mouth caries is often observed in children between 18 months and 3 years.
2. For minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), prednisone is effective when what occurs?
- A. Appetite increases and blood pressure is normal
- B. Urinary tract infection is gone and edema subsides
- C. Generalized edema subsides and blood pressure is normal
- D. Diuresis occurs as urinary protein excretion diminishes
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The effectiveness of prednisone in treating MCNS is indicated by diuresis and a decrease in urinary protein excretion. Subsidence of generalized edema is also a positive sign, but the key indicator is the reduction in proteinuria, which is achieved through diuresis.
3. Which condition is characterized by a harsh, barking cough in children?
- A. Asthma
- B. Bronchiolitis
- C. Croup
- D. Pneumonia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Croup is the correct answer. It is characterized by a harsh, barking cough due to inflammation of the upper airways, specifically the larynx and trachea. Asthma (Choice A) often presents with wheezing and shortness of breath, not a barking cough. Bronchiolitis (Choice B) typically causes wheezing and respiratory distress in infants. Pneumonia (Choice D) manifests with symptoms such as fever, productive cough, and chest pain, but not usually a barking cough.
4. What information should the nurse include when teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease (CD)?
- A. How to cope with stress and adjust to chronic illness
- B. Preparation for surgical treatment and cure of CD
- C. Nutritional guidance and prevention of constipation
- D. Prevention of spread of illness to others and principles of high-fiber diet
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Teaching about coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness is crucial for adolescents with Crohn disease. CD is a chronic condition with no cure, so focusing on managing the disease, stress, and diet is essential for improving the adolescent's quality of life. Choice B is incorrect because Crohn disease cannot be cured surgically. Choice C is relevant but not as essential as coping with stress and chronic illness. Choice D is not a priority in teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease as it mainly focuses on preventing the spread of illness to others, which is not a significant concern with CD, and high-fiber diets may not always be suitable for individuals with this condition.
5. When assessing a family, the nurse determines that the parents exert little or no control over their children. This style of parenting is called which?
- A. Permissive
- B. Dictatorial
- C. Democratic
- D. Authoritarian
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Permissive parenting is characterized by parents exerting little or no control over their children, leading to a lack of boundaries and structure.
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