Nursing Elites

1. Which pediatric condition is most likely to present with a "whooping" sound during coughing?

• A. Croup
• B. Bronchitis
• C. Pertussis
• D. Asthma

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pertussis. Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is characterized by a "whooping" sound during coughing episodes. This distinctive sound is due to the rapid intake of air after a series of coughs. Choice A, Croup, typically presents with a barking cough and stridor. Choice B, Bronchitis, is characterized by a productive cough with mucus. Choice D, Asthma, usually presents with wheezing and shortness of breath.

2. The parents of a child born with ambiguous genitalia tell the nurse that family and friends are asking what caused the baby to be this way. Tests are being done to assist in gender assignment. What should the nurse's intervention include?

• A. Explain the disorder so they can explain it to others.
• B. Help parents understand that this is a minor problem.
• C. Suggest that parents avoid family and friends until the gender is assigned.
• D. Encourage parents not to worry while the tests are being done.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: It is important for the nurse to provide the parents with accurate information so they can confidently explain the situation to others, helping to reduce stress and misinformation. Avoiding family and friends or minimizing the problem is not helpful.

3. A child is admitted in acute renal failure (ARF). Therapeutic management to rapidly provoke a flow of urine includes the administration of what medication?

• A. Propranolol (Inderal)
• B. Calcium gluconate
• C. Mannitol (Osmitrol) or furosemide (Lasix)
• D. Sodium, chloride, and potassium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Mannitol and furosemide are diuretics commonly used to induce diuresis in acute renal failure, helping to provoke urine flow and manage fluid overload. Calcium gluconate and electrolyte supplementation are used for other specific conditions and not primarily for diuresis.

4. A parent and 4-year-old child are waiting in an exam room when the nurse enters and greets them. Which activity that the nurse observes the child doing would best demonstrate the primary developmental task of the preschool-age child, according to Erikson?

• A. Reading a book
• B. Singing a song he learned at preschool
• C. Opening drawers in the room, pulling out supplies, and examining them
• D. Roughhousing with the parent

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. According to Erikson, the primary task of a preschool-aged child is to explore and assert control over their environment. This behavior is demonstrated by the child opening drawers, pulling out supplies, and examining them, showcasing curiosity and exploration. Choices A, B, and D do not align with the primary developmental task of a preschool-age child according to Erikson. Reading a book and singing a song are more passive activities, while roughhousing with the parent does not directly relate to exploration and asserting control over the environment.

5. What information should the nurse include when teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease (CD)?

• A. How to cope with stress and adjust to chronic illness
• B. Preparation for surgical treatment and cure of CD
• C. Nutritional guidance and prevention of constipation
• D. Prevention of spread of illness to others and principles of high-fiber diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Teaching about coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness is crucial for adolescents with Crohn disease. CD is a chronic condition with no cure, so focusing on managing the disease, stress, and diet is essential for improving the adolescent's quality of life. Choice B is incorrect because Crohn disease cannot be cured surgically. Choice C is relevant but not as essential as coping with stress and chronic illness. Choice D is not a priority in teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease as it mainly focuses on preventing the spread of illness to others, which is not a significant concern with CD, and high-fiber diets may not always be suitable for individuals with this condition.

Similar Questions