ATI RN
ATI Gastrointestinal System Quizlet
1. Which of the following treatments is used for rectal cancer but not for colon cancer?
- A. Chemotherapy
- B. Colonoscopy
- C. Radiation
- D. Surgical resection
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Radiation therapy is commonly used for rectal cancer to shrink the tumor before surgery, which is not typically done for colon cancer.
2. What type of diet would most likely benefit a patient with cystic fibrosis?
- A. Low sodium
- B. Low fat
- C. Clear liquid
- D. High calorie, high protein
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Patients with cystic fibrosis often have malabsorption issues, leading to increased energy needs. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to help meet these needs, support growth, and maintain overall health. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific dietary requirements associated with cystic fibrosis, making them less beneficial for these patients.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following findings indicates that the catheter requires irrigation?
- A. Urine is positive for ketones
- B. Urine has an unusual odor
- C. Urine specific gravity is 1.035 (normal range: 1.010 to 1.025)
- D. Bladder scan shows 525 mL of urine
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Ketones in the urine may indicate infection or blockage in the urinary catheter, necessitating irrigation to ensure proper drainage. Choice B, an unusual odor in the urine, may suggest infection but does not directly indicate the need for catheter irrigation. Choice C, a high urine specific gravity, is indicative of concentrated urine but does not specifically point to the need for catheter irrigation. Choice D, a bladder scan showing 525 mL of urine, indicates urine retention, which may require catheterization or further assessment but not necessarily irrigation.
4. A patient with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prescribed prazosin. The nurse understands that this medication is used to treat which symptom of PTSD?
- A. Flashbacks
- B. Nightmares
- C. Hypervigilance
- D. Depression
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Prazosin is a medication often prescribed to manage nightmares in patients with PTSD. It works by blocking the action of adrenaline on specific receptors, which helps in reducing the intensity and frequency of nightmares. While flashbacks, hypervigilance, and depression are also common symptoms of PTSD, prazosin is specifically indicated for nightmares associated with the disorder. Flashbacks are typically addressed through therapies like cognitive-behavioral therapy, hypervigilance may be managed through counseling and coping strategies, and depression may necessitate antidepressant medications or therapy tailored for depression.
5. Which of the following lab tests should NOT be used for diagnosing connective tissue diseases?
- A. Rheumatoid factor (RF)
- B. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
- C. Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)
- D. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Correct answer: Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Rationale:
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