Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best describes the concept of patient-centered care?

• A. Care that is directed solely by healthcare providers
• B. Care that involves coordination among multiple healthcare providers
• C. Care that prioritizes the patient's preferences, needs, and values
• D. Care that strictly adheres to the latest clinical guidelines

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Patient-centered care is a healthcare approach that places the patient at the center of decision-making, emphasizing their preferences, needs, and values. This approach ensures that care is tailored to individual patients, taking into account their unique circumstances and actively involving them in their own care. Choice A is incorrect because patient-centered care focuses on the patient's needs rather than being solely directed by healthcare providers. Choice B is incorrect as involving multiple healthcare providers doesn't necessarily mean care is patient-centered; instead, it's about tailoring care to the patient's individual needs. Choice D is also incorrect as patient-centered care goes beyond just following clinical guidelines to encompass individual patient preferences and values.

2. Which agency reviews whether an organization meets its own criteria for staffing?

• A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
• B. Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)
• C. Patient Classification Systems (PCSs)
• D. Nursing Care Hours (NCHs)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO). This agency specifies that the right number of competent staff should be provided to meet client's needs. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not focus on the review of staffing criteria within an organization. The American Nurses Association (ANA) is an organization that supports nurses, Patient Classification Systems (PCSs) are tools used for patient classification, and Nursing Care Hours (NCHs) are related to the number of care hours provided.

3. Which of the following is an example of a sentinel event in healthcare?

• A. A patient falling in the hospital without injury
• B. A near-miss medication error
• C. An unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness
• D. A patient developing an infection during a hospital stay

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A sentinel event in healthcare is an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness. These events are serious occurrences that warrant immediate investigation and response to prevent their recurrence and ensure patient safety. Choices A, B, and D do not fit the definition of a sentinel event. While choices A, B, and D are serious incidents, they do not involve an unexpected patient death unrelated to the natural course of illness, which is the defining characteristic of a sentinel event.

4. A client with frequent tonic-clonic seizures is being admitted. What action should the nurse add to the client's plan of care?

• A. Ensure blankets are placed on all four sides of the bed.
• B. Refrain from using restraints during seizure activity.
• C. Position the client laterally during seizure activity.
• D. Have a tongue depressor available at the client's bedside.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct action the nurse should add to the client's plan of care is to have a tongue depressor available at the client's bedside. This is important during a seizure to prevent the client from biting their tongue. Placing the client laterally helps maintain a clear airway and prevents aspiration, making choice C a good practice during seizure activity. Using restraints during a seizure can cause injuries and should be avoided, making choice B incorrect. Wrapping blankets around all four sides of the bed is unnecessary for seizure management and does not contribute to the client's safety during a seizure, making choice A incorrect.

5. A nurse manager needs to resolve a conflict between the staff nurses and the physical therapy department. What type of power might the manager utilize? (EXCEPT)

• A. Connection and referent power
• B. Reward and punishment power
• C. Legitimate power
• D. Information power

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse manager may utilize various types of power to resolve the conflict between the staff nurses and the physical therapy department. Referent power and connection power are based on respect/admiration and influential links, respectively. Information power is about access to valuable data. Reward power involves offering inducements for cooperation, while punishment power is about imposing penalties for non-compliance. Legitimate power, however, is derived from the manager's authority associated with their job and rank. Since the question asks for the type of power the manager might utilize 'EXCEPT,' legitimate power, being a key type of power often used in managerial roles, is the correct answer. It's important for the nurse manager to understand the dynamics of power and utilize the appropriate types to effectively address interdepartmental conflicts.

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