which of the following are symptoms of a panic attack select one that does not apply

ATI RN

ATI Mental Health Practice B

1. Which of the following are symptoms of a panic attack? Select one that does not apply.

A. Chest pain
B. Normal breathing
C. Dizziness
D. Hot flashes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Symptoms of a panic attack can include chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, and hot flashes. Normal breathing is not a symptom of a panic attack; instead, individuals experiencing a panic attack may often exhibit rapid or shallow breathing patterns. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Choices A, C, and D are typical symptoms associated with panic attacks, making them incorrect answers.

2. During cognitive-behavioral therapy, a 12-year-old patient reports to the nurse practitioner:

A. I was so mad I wanted to hit my mother.
B. I thought that everyone at school hated me. That's not true. Most people like me and I have a friend named Todd.
C. I forgot that you told me to breathe when I become angry.
D. I scream as loud as I can when the train goes by the house.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In cognitive-behavioral therapy, recognizing and challenging negative thoughts is crucial for progress. Choice B demonstrates the patient's ability to identify and correct distorted thoughts, indicating positive advancement in therapy. This cognitive restructuring is a key component of cognitive-behavioral therapy, helping individuals develop healthier thinking patterns and coping strategies.

3. Which client action is an example of the defense mechanism of sublimation?

A. A woman channels her energy into a new hobby after a breakup.
B. A man redirects his anger from work into a workout routine.
C. A student focuses on studying to avoid thinking about a recent argument.
D. An athlete channels competitive impulses into a successful sports career.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Sublimation is a defense mechanism where unacceptable impulses are redirected into socially acceptable activities. In this scenario, the man redirects his anger from work into a workout routine, which is a positive and constructive way of managing his emotions. Choices A, C, and D do not fully align with sublimation as they do not involve redirecting unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable outlets, unlike the man's action in choice B.

4. Which client action is an example of the defense mechanism of displacement?

A. A man kicks his dog after an argument with his boss.
B. A woman yells at her children after a stressful day at work.
C. A student immerses herself in studying to avoid thinking about a recent breakup.
D. A person channels aggressive impulses into playing a sport.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Displacement involves redirecting emotions, often anger or aggression, from their original source to a less threatening target. In this scenario, the woman redirects her frustration from work towards her children, who are perceived as less threatening and safer to express anger towards.

5. Which medication would the nurse least likely use to provide immediate intervention for an angry psychotic client?

A. Lithium
B. Alprazolam
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Haloperidol

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine commonly used for anxiety disorders. While it may help calm an individual, it is not typically the first-line choice for managing acute agitation in a psychotic client. Haloperidol, on the other hand, is a typical antipsychotic medication often used for immediate intervention in psychiatric emergencies involving aggression or psychosis.