ATI RN
RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN
1. What recommendation should the nurse make to prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young girls?
- A. Avoid public toilet facilities
- B. Limit long baths as much as possible
- C. Cleanse the perineum with water after voiding
- D. Ensure clear liquid intake of 2 L/day
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Proper perineal hygiene, including cleansing with water after voiding, is crucial in preventing UTIs in young girls. Avoiding public toilets and limiting baths are less effective than proper hygiene practices.
2. What are the important considerations when administering blood products to a patient?
- A. Ensuring proper documentation of the transfusion
- B. Verifying the patient's identity before administration
- C. Monitoring for allergic reactions or transfusion reactions
- D. Monitoring the patient's vital signs during transfusion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Verifying the patient's identity before administration is a critical step to ensure that the correct blood product is given to the right patient, thereby preventing transfusion errors. While ensuring proper documentation of the transfusion (choice A) is important for record-keeping, verifying patient identity (choice B) directly addresses the risk of administering blood to the wrong patient. Monitoring for allergic reactions or transfusion reactions (choice C) and monitoring the patient's vital signs during transfusion (choice D) are also essential considerations during blood product administration, but verifying patient identity takes precedence to prevent potentially life-threatening errors.
3. What illnesses does respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) prevent?
- A. HBV, Hib, and pertussis
- B. HSV, influenza, and HBV
- C. RSV, influenza, and adenovirus
- D. RSV, pertussis, and varicella
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: RSV, influenza, and adenovirus. The CDC recommends respiratory hygiene and etiquette to prevent the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus, and other droplet-transmitted unknown viruses. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because HBV, Hib, pertussis, HSV, and varicella are not typically transmitted via droplets but through other modes of transmission.
4. Colon cancer is most closely associated with which of the following conditions?
- A. Appendicitis
- B. Hemorrhoids
- C. Hiatal hernia
- D. Ulcerative colitis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Ulcerative colitis is a condition closely associated with an increased risk of developing colon cancer due to chronic inflammation of the colon.
5. A client has a new prescription for Digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Contact provider if heart rate is less than 60/min.
- B. Check pulse rate for 30 seconds and multiply the result by 2.
- C. Increase intake of sodium.
- D. Take with food if nausea occurs.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client prescribed Digoxin for heart failure is to contact the provider if the heart rate is less than 60/min. Digoxin can affect heart rate, and a heart rate below 60/min may indicate toxicity, requiring prompt medical attention. Checking the pulse rate accurately and seeking medical advice are essential components of safe medication management. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is related to checking the pulse rate but does not address the critical action of contacting the provider if it is below 60/min. Increasing intake of sodium (Choice C) is inappropriate as high sodium levels can worsen heart failure. Taking Digoxin with food if nausea occurs (Choice D) does not address a critical aspect of Digoxin administration related to heart rate monitoring.
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