ATI RN
ATI Mental Health Practice A
1. Which medication is typically prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
- A. Haloperidol
- B. Sertraline
- C. Methylphenidate
- D. Clozapine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant often prescribed to manage symptoms of ADHD. It works by increasing the activity of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control in individuals with ADHD. Haloperidol, Sertraline, and Clozapine are not typically used as first-line treatments for ADHD. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic used in conditions like schizophrenia, Sertraline is an antidepressant primarily for mood disorders, and Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
2. Upon admission, a client diagnosed with major depressive disorder needs the nurse to implement which of the following interventions first?
- A. Administer an antidepressant medication.
- B. Establish a trusting relationship with the client.
- C. Develop a plan of care with the client.
- D. Teach the client about the importance of medication compliance.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The initial intervention the nurse should prioritize is to establish a trusting relationship with the client. Building trust is fundamental in fostering effective therapeutic communication and providing quality care. This foundational step lays the groundwork for further assessment, collaboration on care plans, and promoting treatment adherence. Administering medication or discussing compliance should come after the establishment of trust to ensure the client feels supported and understood.
3. What should be taught to a patient following cataract surgery?
- A. Avoid NSAIDs
- B. Wear dark glasses when outdoors
- C. Report green or yellow drainage immediately
- D. Itching is normal unless accompanied by pain and nausea
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid NSAIDs after cataract surgery to reduce the risk of bleeding. Choice B, wearing dark glasses when outdoors, is generally recommended after cataract surgery to protect the eyes from bright sunlight, but it is not the most critical instruction. Choice C, reporting green or yellow drainage immediately, is important to monitor for signs of infection, but it is not specific to cataract surgery. Choice D, itching is normal unless accompanied by pain and nausea, is not the most crucial advice post-cataract surgery. Therefore, the key instruction is to avoid NSAIDs to minimize bleeding risk.
4. During an assessment, a client with a long history of smoking and suspected laryngeal cancer will most likely report which early manifestation?
- A. Dysphagia
- B. Hoarseness
- C. Dyspnea
- D. Weight loss
Correct answer: B: Hoarseness
Rationale: In clients with laryngeal cancer, hoarseness is often one of the earliest manifestations due to vocal cord involvement. The irritation and inflammation caused by the tumor affect the vocal cords, leading to changes in voice quality. Dysphagia (choice A) typically occurs later as the tumor grows and interferes with swallowing. Dyspnea (choice C) and weight loss (choice D) may occur as the cancer progresses, but hoarseness is usually among the first signs to manifest in laryngeal cancer.
5. Which statement about essential nutrients should the nurse include?
- A. Fat-containing foods can help to decrease triglyceride levels.
- B. Animal sources of protein contain 20 essential amino acids.
- C. Carbohydrates are the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain.
- D. High-fiber foods are a good source of energy.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because carbohydrates are indeed the primary source of fuel for muscles and the brain. Choice A is incorrect because while certain fats are essential, they do not help decrease triglyceride levels. Choice B is incorrect because animal sources of protein do not contain all 20 essential amino acids. Choice D is incorrect because although high-fiber foods are important for digestion and overall health, they are not a direct source of energy.
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