Nursing Elites

1. Which group is least susceptible to insufficient intake of protein?

• A. The elderly
• B. Individuals with low income
• C. Adults participating in endurance exercise
• D. Patients who are chronically ill

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Adults who participate in endurance exercise are typically more aware of their nutritional needs and have higher protein intake compared to other groups. The rationale behind why the other choices are incorrect is as follows: A: The elderly are often at a higher risk of insufficient protein intake due to various factors such as reduced appetite, dental issues, and decreased muscle mass. B: Individuals with low income may struggle to afford protein-rich foods, making them more susceptible to insufficient protein intake. D: Patients who are chronically ill may have specific dietary restrictions or challenges that can lead to inadequate protein consumption.

2. All of the following are electrolytes except:

• A. chloride
• B. potassium
• C. sodium
• D. iron

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Iron is not an electrolyte; electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and chloride help maintain fluid balance and are critical for nerve and muscle function.

3. In persons who are obese, weight reduction can improve such CHD risk factors as hypertension, blood lipid abnormalities, and?

• A. inflammation
• B. insulin resistance
• C. gastrointestinal motility disorders
• D. damage from cigarette smoking

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Weight reduction in obese individuals can improve insulin resistance, a key factor in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

4. The GAUGE size in ET tubes determines:

• A. The external circumference of the tube
• B. The internal diameter of the tube
• C. The length of the tube
• D. The tube’s volumetric capacity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

5. Diet therapy for Rudy, who has acute renal failure is low-protein, low potassium and low sodium. The nutrition instructions should include:

• A. Recommend protein of high biologic value like eggs, poultry and lean meats
• B. Encourage client to include raw cucumbers, carrot, cabbage, and tomatoes
• C. Allowing the client cheese, canned foods and other processed food
• D. Bananas, cantaloupe, orange and other fresh fruits can be included in the diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

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