which electrolyte is important in hemoglobin production

ATI RN

ATI Fluid and Electrolytes

1. Which mineral is important in hemoglobin production?

A. Sodium
B. Iodine
C. Iron
D. Chloride

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Iron (Fe) is a critical mineral in hemoglobin production. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that is essential for transporting oxygen throughout the body. Sodium (Choice A), Iodine (Choice B), and Chloride (Choice D) are not directly involved in hemoglobin production. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, and Chloride is an electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance and acidity in the body.

2. Diagnostic testing has been ordered to differentiate between normal anion gap acidosis and high anion gap acidosis in an acutely ill patient. What health problem typically precedes normal anion gap acidosis?

A. Metastases
B. Excessive potassium intake
C. Water intoxication
D. Excessive administration of chloride

Correct answer: D

Rationale:

3. A nurse teaches a client who is prescribed a central vascular access device. Which statement should the nurse include in this clients teaching?

A. You will need to wear a sling on your arm while the device is in place
B. There is no risk of infection because sterile technique will be used during insertion.
C. . Ask all providers to vigorously clean the connections prior to accessing the device.
D. You will not be able to take a bath with this vascular access device.

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

4. A nurse is visiting an 84-year-old woman living at home and recovering from hip surgery. The woman seems confused and has poor skin turgor, and she states that 'she stops drinking water early in the day because it is too difficult to get up during the night to go to the bathroom.' The nurse explains to the woman that:

A. She will need to have her medications adjusted and be readmitted to the hospital for a complete workup.
B. Limiting fluids can create imbalances in the body that can result in confusion; maybe we need to adjust the timing of your fluids.
C. It is normal to be a little confused following surgery and it is safe not to urinate at night.
D. Confusion following surgery is common in the elderly due to loss of sleep.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. In elderly patients, fluid deficits can lead to confusion and cognitive impairment. Limiting fluids can disrupt the body's balance, leading to such symptoms. Adjusting the timing of fluids can help maintain hydration without causing nighttime interruptions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the underlying issue of fluid imbalance causing confusion. Choice A suggests unnecessary hospital readmission and medication adjustments. Choice C incorrectly normalizes confusion post-surgery and suggests it is safe not to urinate at night, which can exacerbate the issue. Choice D inaccurately attributes confusion to sleep loss rather than fluid imbalance.

5. A nurse sees a variety of patients in the community health clinic. Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of dehydration?

A. An 18-year-old basketball player with a stress fracture of the right foot
B. An infant with diarrhea
C. A 45-year-old with stomach flu
D. An elderly patient living alone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Infants are particularly vulnerable to dehydration due to diarrhea because they have a higher fluid turnover and less reserve. Option A, the 18-year-old basketball player with a stress fracture, is less likely to be at the greatest risk of dehydration compared to an infant with diarrhea. Option C, the 45-year-old with stomach flu, may experience dehydration but is not at the same level of risk as an infant with diarrhea. Option D, the elderly patient living alone, could be at risk of dehydration, but infants with diarrhea are at the greatest risk due to their unique physiological characteristics.