which condition is most commonly associated with a sunset sign in infants
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

1. Which condition is most commonly associated with a 'sunset sign' in infants?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The 'sunset sign,' characterized by downward-driven eyes, is most commonly associated with hydrocephalus. This condition causes increased intracranial pressure, leading to the eyes appearing to be forced downward. Meningitis (choice B) typically presents with symptoms such as fever, headache, and a stiff neck, but not the 'sunset sign.' Cerebral palsy (choice C) is a group of disorders affecting movement and muscle coordination, not directly related to the 'sunset sign.' Encephalitis (choice D) is inflammation of the brain, which can cause symptoms like fever, headache, and confusion, but not the specific downward eye gaze seen in the 'sunset sign.'

2. Children may believe that they are responsible for their parents' divorce and interpret the separation as punishment. At which age is this most likely to occur?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: At around 8 years old, children may feel they are responsible for their parents' divorce and view it as a punishment, which can impact their emotional well-being.

3. The nurse is performing an oral examination on a preschool child. Which strategies should the nurse use to encourage the child to open the mouth for the examination? (Select all that apply.)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Using a cotton swab, allowing the child to observe, and demonstrating on someone else are effective ways to encourage a preschooler to open their mouth for examination.

4. Clinical manifestations of sodium excess (hypernatremia) include which signs or symptoms?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypernatremia often presents with dry, sticky mucous membranes due to dehydration. Hyperreflexia and abdominal cramps may also occur, but dry mucous membranes are more consistently observed in cases of sodium excess.

5. Where in the health history does a record of immunizations belong?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Immunizations are part of the patient’s health history and are recorded under the history section to ensure the child is up-to-date with vaccinations.

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