ATI RN
ATI Community Health Nursing Ch 7
1. Which best describes the concept of risk?
- A. The probability that an individual will develop a specific condition
- B. The impact of a health condition on an individual's life
- C. The potential for harm from a specific condition
- D. The likelihood of being exposed to a health hazard
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The concept of risk is best described as the probability that an individual will develop a specific condition due to exposure to certain factors. It is not about the impact of a health condition on one's life (choice B), the potential harm from a specific condition (choice C), or the likelihood of being exposed to a health hazard (choice D). Understanding risk helps in assessing the chances of developing a particular health issue.
2. A newborn has been diagnosed with Hirschsprung’s disease. The parent asks the nurse about the symptoms that led to the diagnosis. Which symptoms should the nurse include in the response?
- A. Acute diarrhea and dehydration
- B. Current jelly-like stools and pain
- C. Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension
- D. Projectile vomiting and altered electrolytes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension. Hirschsprung’s disease is commonly diagnosed in newborns due to the failure to pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours after birth and abdominal distension, indicating a bowel obstruction. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the typical symptoms of Hirschsprung’s disease. Acute diarrhea and dehydration, current jelly-like stools and pain, and projectile vomiting with altered electrolytes are not characteristic of this condition.
3. The client has been admitted with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The nurse would assess this client for pain that is:
- A. Severe and unrelenting, located in the epigastric area and radiating to the back.
- B. Severe and unrelenting, located in the left lower quadrant and radiating to the groin.
- C. Burning and aching, located in the epigastric area and radiating to the umbilicus.
- D. Burning and aching, located in the left lower quadrant and radiating to the hip.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Acute pancreatitis typically presents with severe, unrelenting pain in the epigastric area that radiates to the back. This pain is due to inflammation and autodigestion of the pancreas.
4. A nursing instructor is observing a nursing student practicing standard precautions. Which observation by the instructor indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. The nursing student wears a gown to change the bed of an incontinent client.
- B. The nursing student washes hands before making contact with the client.
- C. The nursing student washes her hands before glove removal after emptying a Foley bag.
- D. The nursing student changes gloves between tasks and procedures.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nursing student washing her hands before glove removal after emptying a Foley bag indicates a need for further teaching. Hands should be washed after glove removal to maintain proper infection control. Choice A is correct as wearing a gown when changing the bed of an incontinent client is a standard precaution. Choice B is correct as washing hands before making contact with the client is a good practice. Choice D is correct as changing gloves between tasks and procedures is a standard precaution to prevent the spread of infection.
5. Kimberly is having a checkup before starting kindergarten. The nurse asks her to do the “finger-to-nose test.” What is the purpose of this test?
- A. Deep tendon reflexes
- B. Cerebellar function
- C. Sensory discrimination
- D. Ability to follow directions
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The finger-to-nose test assesses cerebellar function, which is responsible for balance and coordination. The test evaluates how well the cerebellum controls motor functions and coordination. Choice A, deep tendon reflexes, is incorrect because this test does not assess reflexes but rather cerebellar function. Choice C, sensory discrimination, is incorrect as this test focuses on motor function rather than sensory abilities. Choice D, ability to follow directions, is incorrect since the test primarily assesses motor coordination and not cognitive skills related to following instructions.
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