Nursing Elites

1. What urine test result is considered abnormal?

• A. pH 4.0
• B. WBC 1 or 2 cells/ml
• C. Protein level absent
• D. Specific gravity 1.020

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A urine pH of 4.0 is abnormally low, indicating possible acidosis or other metabolic conditions. WBC count of 1-2 cells/ml, absence of protein, and a specific gravity of 1.020 are within normal limits.

2. Which parental statement indicates correct understanding of information presented regarding the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in infants?

• A. "We will add green leafy vegetables to our child’s low-iron formula."
• B. "We will discontinue the use of vitamin C supplements by 6 months of age."
• C. "We will begin an iron-fortified infant cereal at 4 to 6 months of age."
• D. "We will introduce cow’s milk by 6 months of age."

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Introducing iron-fortified cereal between 4 to 6 months of age is a recommended practice to prevent iron deficiency anemia in infants. Iron-fortified infant cereals are a good source of iron for infants. Choices A and B are incorrect because adding green leafy vegetables to low-iron formula and discontinuing vitamin C supplements do not directly address the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. Choice D is incorrect because cow's milk should be avoided before 12 months of age as it is low in iron and can lead to intestinal blood loss, increasing the risk of iron deficiency anemia.

3. Which vaccine is contraindicated in a child with a history of severe egg allergy?

• A. MMR
• B. Varicella
• C. Influenza
• D. Hepatitis B

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Influenza. The influenza vaccine is produced using egg-based technology, so individuals with a severe egg allergy are at risk of an allergic reaction if vaccinated with the influenza vaccine. This is due to the potential presence of egg proteins in the vaccine. Choices A, B, and D are not contraindicated in children with severe egg allergy. The MMR and Varicella vaccines do not pose a risk for children with egg allergies, and the Hepatitis B vaccine is also safe for these individuals.

4. What information should the nurse include when teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease (CD)?

• A. How to cope with stress and adjust to chronic illness
• B. Preparation for surgical treatment and cure of CD
• C. Nutritional guidance and prevention of constipation
• D. Prevention of spread of illness to others and principles of high-fiber diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Teaching about coping with stress and adjusting to chronic illness is crucial for adolescents with Crohn disease. CD is a chronic condition with no cure, so focusing on managing the disease, stress, and diet is essential for improving the adolescent's quality of life. Choice B is incorrect because Crohn disease cannot be cured surgically. Choice C is relevant but not as essential as coping with stress and chronic illness. Choice D is not a priority in teaching an adolescent with Crohn disease as it mainly focuses on preventing the spread of illness to others, which is not a significant concern with CD, and high-fiber diets may not always be suitable for individuals with this condition.

5. The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?

• A. Gastrointestinal perforation may have occurred.
• B. The object may have been aspirated.
• C. The object may be lodged in the esophagus.
• D. The object may be embedded in the stomach wall.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The symptoms of gagging and drooling suggest that the foreign object is likely lodged in the esophagus. This can cause significant discomfort and potential complications, requiring immediate medical evaluation.

Similar Questions