Nursing Elites

1. What test is used to screen for carbohydrate malabsorption?

• A. Stool pH
• B. Urine ketones
• C. C urea breath test
• D. ELISA stool assay

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Stool pH testing is used to screen for carbohydrate malabsorption. A low pH indicates the presence of unabsorbed carbohydrates, which are fermented by bacteria, leading to acidic stool.

2. A nurse is carrying on a conversation with a 7-year-old child during an office visit. Which is an example of the level of language development the nurse should expect in this child?

• A. Fascination with bathroom language
• B. Difficulty understanding the concept of 'half past' in reference to time
• C. Ability to carry on an adult conversation
• D. Inability to speak in full sentences

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Understanding time concepts like 'half past' can be challenging for a 7-year-old, indicating the level of language development. Choice A is incorrect as fascination with bathroom language is common in this age group but not necessarily indicative of language development. Choice C is incorrect as a 7-year-old typically cannot carry on an adult conversation due to cognitive and experiential limitations. Choice D is incorrect as by the age of 7, children should be able to speak in full sentences.

3. What is the primary concern in a child with nephrotic syndrome?

• A. Hypotension
• B. Hyperkalemia
• C. Hyperlipidemia
• D. Hypocalcemia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperlipidemia. Children with nephrotic syndrome often present with hyperlipidemia due to altered lipid metabolism, making it a primary concern in these patients. Hypotension (choice A) is not a primary concern in nephrotic syndrome. Hyperkalemia (choice B) and hypocalcemia (choice D) are not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome and are less likely to be primary concerns in these patients.

4. The nurse is caring for a child who had a tonsillectomy. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse observe the child for in the postoperative period?

• A. Arrhythmias
• B. Increased swallowing
• C. Increased blood sugar
• D. Increased urinary output

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B. Increased swallowing can indicate bleeding at the surgical site, which is a potential complication after tonsillectomy. Choice A, Arrhythmias, are not typically associated with tonsillectomy. Choice C, Increased blood sugar, is not a common clinical manifestation after a tonsillectomy. Choice D, Increased urinary output, is not a typical clinical manifestation to observe for in the postoperative period after a tonsillectomy.

5. What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

• A. Low specific gravity
• B. Decreased hemoglobin
• C. Normal platelet count
• D. Reduced serum albumin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Reduced serum albumin is a hallmark of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) due to massive proteinuria. This results in hypoalbuminemia, which contributes to the edema characteristic of this condition.

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