Nursing Elites

1. What term describes the invagination of one segment of bowel within another?

• A. Atresia
• B. Stenosis
• C. Herniation
• D. Intussusception

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Intussusception is the correct answer. It refers to the condition where one segment of the bowel folds into another, leading to an obstruction. Atresia (Choice A) is the absence or abnormal closure of a normal opening or tubular structure. Stenosis (Choice B) is the narrowing of a passage in the body. Herniation (Choice C) is the abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through a defect in its surrounding walls. Intussusception is a medical emergency commonly observed in infants and young children and necessitates prompt intervention to prevent severe complications.

2. The nurse is discussing toddler development with a parent. Which intervention will foster the achievement of autonomy?

• A. Help the toddler complete tasks
• B. Encourage the toddler to do things for themselves when capable
• C. Provide opportunities for the toddler to play with other children
• D. Help the toddler learn the difference between right and wrong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging the toddler to do things for themselves when capable is the correct intervention to foster autonomy. This approach helps the toddler develop independence, self-confidence, and a sense of achievement. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on assisting rather than encouraging independence. Choice C is incorrect as playing with other children primarily fosters social skills, not necessarily autonomy. Choice D is incorrect as learning the difference between right and wrong is related to moral development, not autonomy.

3. Nursing care of children focuses on improving quality by:

• A. Improving sanitation
• B. Focusing on curing childhood illnesses
• C. Addressing problems caused by communicable disease
• D. Providing a holistic environment for optimal growth and development

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because nursing care for children should encompass a holistic approach that considers not only physical health but also emotional, social, and developmental aspects. Providing a holistic environment promotes optimal growth and development by addressing all these dimensions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because while sanitation, curing illnesses, and addressing communicable diseases are important aspects of child healthcare, they do not encompass the comprehensive care provided by a holistic approach.

4. A newborn has been diagnosed with Hirschsprung’s disease. The parent asks the nurse about the symptoms that led to the diagnosis. Which symptoms should the nurse include in the response?

• A. Acute diarrhea and dehydration
• B. Current jelly-like stools and pain
• C. Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension
• D. Projectile vomiting and altered electrolytes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Failure to pass meconium and abdominal distension. Hirschsprung’s disease is commonly diagnosed in newborns due to the failure to pass meconium within the first 24-48 hours after birth and abdominal distension, indicating a bowel obstruction. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the typical symptoms of Hirschsprung’s disease. Acute diarrhea and dehydration, current jelly-like stools and pain, and projectile vomiting with altered electrolytes are not characteristic of this condition.

5. What illnesses does respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) prevent?

• A. HBV, Hib, and pertussis
• B. HSV, influenza, and HBV
• C. RSV, influenza, and adenovirus
• D. RSV, pertussis, and varicella

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: RSV, influenza, and adenovirus. The CDC recommends respiratory hygiene and etiquette to prevent the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus, and other droplet-transmitted unknown viruses. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because HBV, Hib, pertussis, HSV, and varicella are not typically transmitted via droplets but through other modes of transmission.

Similar Questions