Nursing Elites

1. What is the most important action for the nurse to take before administering digoxin to a patient?

• A. Check the patient's heart rate before administration.
• B. Assess the patient's blood pressure before administration.
• C. Ensure the patient has eaten before administration.
• D. Monitor the patient's weight before administration.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to check the patient's heart rate before administering digoxin. Digoxin is a medication that primarily affects cardiac function. Monitoring the heart rate is crucial because digoxin can cause arrhythmias or worsen existing heart rhythm abnormalities. Assessing blood pressure may also be important but is secondary to evaluating the heart rate when administering digoxin. Ensuring the patient has eaten before administration is not directly related to the safe administration of digoxin. Monitoring the patient's weight is not a priority action before administering digoxin.

2. A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a child who is receiving oral nystatin for oral candidiasis. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?

• A. I will mix the medication with applesauce
• B. I will provide a snack with the medication
• C. I will store the medication in the refrigerator
• D. I will swab the inside of my child's mouth with the medication

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because swabbing the inside of the child's mouth with the nystatin solution is the correct administration method for treating oral candidiasis. Mixing the medication with applesauce or providing a snack with it is not the recommended method of administration. Storing the medication in the refrigerator is also unnecessary and not part of the proper administration instructions.

3. A patient is being taught to use TD nitroglycerin patches to treat angina pectoris. What instructions should be included?

• A. Apply a patch every 12 hours
• B. Apply a new patch every morning
• C. Use it only when symptoms appear
• D. Rotate the application site weekly

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to apply a new patch every morning. Nitroglycerin patches should be applied in the morning and removed at bedtime to provide a 14-hour nitrate-free interval, preventing tolerance development. Choice A is incorrect because applying a patch every 12 hours may lead to tolerance. Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin patches are used prophylactically, not just when symptoms appear. Choice D is incorrect because rotating the application site weekly is not necessary; the same site can be used as long as there is no skin irritation.

4. What are the instructions for a behind-the-ear hearing aid?

• A. Remove before sleeping
• B. Remove before shower
• C. Keep on during all activities
• D. Replace every week

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to remove a behind-the-ear hearing aid before showering to prevent water damage. Choice A is incorrect because it is safe to wear the hearing aid while sleeping as it does not pose a risk of damage. Choice C is incorrect because it is advisable to remove the hearing aid during certain activities to prevent damage or loss. Choice D is incorrect as hearing aids do not need to be replaced weekly unless there is an issue with the device.

5. A nurse is caring for a client who has diarrhea due to shigella. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take?

• A. Wear gloves only
• B. Wear a mask
• C. Wash hands before and after client care
• D. Use an N95 respirator

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct precaution for a nurse caring for a client with shigella-induced diarrhea is to wash hands before and after client care. Shigella is a highly contagious bacterium that spreads through contaminated food, water, or contact with infected individuals. While wearing gloves is important when directly handling bodily fluids, hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the transmission of the infection. Wearing a mask or using an N95 respirator is not necessary for preventing the spread of shigella, as it primarily spreads through the fecal-oral route rather than through respiratory droplets.

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