ATI RN
ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B
1. What is the best initial intervention for a child experiencing moderate dehydration?
- A. Administer IV fluids
- B. Encourage oral rehydration
- C. Monitor vital signs
- D. Provide clear fluids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage oral rehydration. Oral rehydration is the first-line treatment for moderate dehydration in children. It helps restore fluid balance and electrolyte levels. Administering IV fluids (Choice A) is usually reserved for severe cases of dehydration where oral rehydration is not feasible or ineffective. Monitoring vital signs (Choice C) is important but should not replace the immediate need for rehydration. Providing clear fluids (Choice D) may not contain the necessary electrolytes required for effective rehydration.
2. What are the contraindications for using MI Paste?
- A. Children under six
- B. Individuals with a milk casein allergy
- C. Pregnant women
- D. Both A and B
Correct answer: D
Rationale: MI Paste is contraindicated in children under six and in individuals with a milk casein allergy. The reason is that MI Paste contains casein phosphopeptide, which is derived from milk. Therefore, it may cause allergic reactions in those who are sensitive to milk proteins. Pregnant women (Choice C) are not contraindicated for using MI Paste unless they have a known allergy to milk casein. Hence, the correct answer is 'D: Both A and B'.
3. Kai and Ken received their Christmas gifts from their parents. Although their gifts vary in many characteristics, the two compared their gifts based on size. This tendency among children is known as:
- A. Semiotic
- B. Abstraction
- C. Preoperational
- D. Overextension
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Overextension. Overextension happens when children compare objects or experiences based on one characteristic, such as size. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Semiotic refers to the study of signs and symbols; Abstraction is the process of thinking about something as a general concept rather than a specific example; Preoperational is a stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, not related to comparing gifts based on size.
4. The nurse is caring for a non-English-speaking child and family. Which should the nurse consider when using an interpreter?
- A. Pose several questions at a time
- B. Use medical jargon when possible
- C. Communicate directly with family members when asking questions
- D. Carry on some communication in English with the interpreter about the family's needs
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should communicate directly with the family members when asking questions, ensuring the interpreter translates accurately without adding or omitting information.
5. Which of the following is an example of a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Administering flu vaccinations
- B. Screening for hypertension
- C. Performing a mastectomy
- D. Providing rehabilitation after surgery
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Screening for hypertension is indeed an example of a secondary prevention strategy. Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages to prevent complications. Administering flu vaccinations (Choice A) is an example of primary prevention, aimed at preventing the disease from occurring. Performing a mastectomy (Choice C) is a treatment for an existing condition and not a preventive strategy. Providing rehabilitation after surgery (Choice D) is a form of tertiary prevention that focuses on restoring function and improving quality of life after an illness or injury.
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