Nursing Elites

1. What is the best initial intervention for a child experiencing moderate dehydration?

• A. Administer IV fluids
• B. Encourage oral rehydration
• C. Monitor vital signs
• D. Provide clear fluids

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage oral rehydration. Oral rehydration is the first-line treatment for moderate dehydration in children. It helps restore fluid balance and electrolyte levels. Administering IV fluids (Choice A) is usually reserved for severe cases of dehydration where oral rehydration is not feasible or ineffective. Monitoring vital signs (Choice C) is important but should not replace the immediate need for rehydration. Providing clear fluids (Choice D) may not contain the necessary electrolytes required for effective rehydration.

2. A 13-year-old boy comes to the school nurse complaining of sudden and severe scrotal pain. He denies any trauma to the scrotum. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

• A. Refer him for immediate medical evaluation
• B. Administer analgesics and recommend scrotal support.
• C. Apply an ice bag and observe for increasing pain.
• D. Reassure the adolescent that occasional pain is common with the changes of puberty.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sudden and severe scrotal pain in an adolescent male is a medical emergency and may indicate testicular torsion, which requires immediate evaluation and intervention to prevent testicular loss.

3. Which characteristic best describes the fine motor skills of an infant at age 5 months?

• A. Neat pincer grasp
• B. Strong grasp reflex
• C. Builds a tower of two cubes
• D. Able to grasp object voluntarily

Correct answer: D

Rationale: By 5 months, infants develop the ability to grasp objects voluntarily, showing improved motor control. The neat pincer grasp and building towers are skills that develop later.

4. The nurse is discussing parenting in reconstituted families with a new stepparent. The nurse is aware that the new stepparent understands the teaching when which statement is made?

• A. "I am glad there will be no disruption in my lifestyle."
• B. "I don’t think children really want to live in a two-parent home."
• C. "I realize there may be power conflicts bringing two households together."
• D. "I understand contact between grandparents should be kept to a minimum."

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Recognizing the potential for power conflicts when blending two households indicates an understanding of the complexities in reconstituted families.

5. The parents of a 12-month-old child ask the nurse if the child can eat hot dogs as do their other children. The nurse’s reply should be based on what?

• A. The child is too young to digest hot dogs.
• B. The child is too young to eat hot dogs safely.
• C. Hot dogs must be sliced into sections to prevent aspiration.
• D. Hot dogs must be cut into small, irregular pieces to prevent aspiration.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cutting hot dogs into small, irregular pieces reduces the risk of aspiration, which is a significant choking hazard for young children.

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