Nursing Elites

1. What is most important in the management of cellulitis?

• A. Burow solution compresses
• B. Oral or parenteral antibiotics
• C. Topical application of an antibiotic
• D. Incision and drainage of severe lesions

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Oral or parenteral antibiotics are essential in treating cellulitis to eliminate the infection. Topical antibiotics are not sufficient, and incision and drainage are only for abscesses.

2. Which type of play would be most beneficial for preparing a preschool-age child for upcoming surgery to reduce the stress of the event?

• A. Cooperative play
• B. Associative play
• C. Dramatic play
• D. Onlooker play

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Dramatic play involves role-playing, allowing children to act out scenarios and become more comfortable with them. This type of play can help reduce anxiety about upcoming events like surgery. Cooperative play involves working together towards a common goal, associative play involves loosely interacting with others, and onlooker play involves observing others play without actively participating. These types of play are not as directly related to preparing a child for surgery and reducing stress as dramatic play.

3. Several types of seizures can occur in neonates. What is characteristic of clonic seizures?

• A. Apnea
• B. Tremors
• C. Extension of all four limbs
• D. Jerking that cannot be stopped by flexion of the affected limb

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Clonic seizures are characterized by slow, rhythmic, jerking movements that cannot be stopped by flexion of the affected limb. Therefore, the correct characteristic of clonic seizures is option D. Option A, apnea, is not characteristic of clonic seizures. Option B, tremors, does not describe clonic seizures accurately. Option C, extension of all four limbs, is not a typical feature of clonic seizures but rather seen in tonic seizures.

4. What is the appropriate method for measuring the temperature of a 2-day-old neonate?

• A. Tympanic
• B. Oral
• C. Axillary
• D. Rectal

Correct answer: C

Rationale: For a 2-day-old neonate, the most suitable method to measure temperature is the axillary method. This approach is considered safe and appropriate for neonates, minimizing the risk of injury. Tympanic temperature measurement may not be as accurate in neonates due to their small ear canals. Oral temperature measurement is not recommended for neonates as they may not be able to hold a thermometer properly in their mouths. Rectal temperature measurement is invasive and carries a higher risk of injury and should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.

5. For minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS), prednisone is effective when what occurs?

• A. Appetite increases and blood pressure is normal
• B. Urinary tract infection is gone and edema subsides
• C. Generalized edema subsides and blood pressure is normal
• D. Diuresis occurs as urinary protein excretion diminishes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The effectiveness of prednisone in treating MCNS is indicated by diuresis and a decrease in urinary protein excretion. Subsidence of generalized edema is also a positive sign, but the key indicator is the reduction in proteinuria, which is achieved through diuresis.

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