ATI RN
ATI Capstone Adult Medical Surgical Assessment 2
1. What ECG changes are seen with hyperkalemia?
- A. Flattened T waves
- B. Elevated ST segments
- C. Prominent U waves
- D. Widened QRS complex
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Flattened T waves are an early ECG sign of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia affects the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential, leading to changes such as peaked T waves, prolonged PR interval, widened QRS complex, and ultimately sine wave pattern. Elevated ST segments, prominent U waves, and widened QRS complex are not typically associated with hyperkalemia, making choices B, C, and D incorrect.
2. Difficulties with eating, sleeping, playing, repetitive or difficult behaviors, and paying attention may all be caused in part by which of the following?
- A. Cognitive delays
- B. Lack of motivation for mastery
- C. Sensory processing challenges
- D. Imitation deficits
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Sensory processing challenges can affect various aspects of a child's daily life, including eating, sleeping, playing, behavior, and attention. These challenges can lead to difficulties in processing sensory information, which may manifest in different behaviors and impact their overall functioning.
3. The nurse is observing the way a patient walks. What aspect is the nurse assessing?
- A. Body alignment
- B. Gait
- C. Activity tolerance
- D. Range of motion
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gait. Gait refers to the manner in which a person walks, including aspects such as stride length, step width, and walking speed. When a nurse observes a patient's gait, they are assessing their mobility and looking for any abnormalities or issues in their walking pattern. Choice A, body alignment, focuses more on the posture and position of the body rather than the actual walking pattern. Choice C, activity tolerance, relates to the ability to withstand physical activity without experiencing excessive fatigue. Choice D, range of motion, pertains to the extent of movement at a joint and is not directly related to observing the way a patient walks.
4. __________ theory was the first to stress the influence of the early parent‒child relationship on development.
- A. Darwin’s
- B. Freud’s
- C. Erikson’s
- D. Watson’s Answer: B Page Ref: 15 Skill Level: Remember Topic: Mid-Twentieth-Century Theories Difficulty Level: Easy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Freud's theory was the first to stress the influence of the early parent‒child relationship on development. Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasized the importance of the child's interactions with caregivers, particularly during the early stages of development, in shaping personality and behavior.
5. Which of the following is NOT one of the major duties of the M6 practical nurse?
- A. Performing preventive, therapeutic, and emergency nursing care procedures
- B. Managing other paraprofessional personnel
- C. Managing ward or unit operations
- D. Implementing Level II through Level IV CSH operations
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because implementing Level II through Level IV CSH operations is not a major duty of the M6 practical nurse. A practical nurse's major duties include performing preventive, therapeutic, and emergency nursing care procedures (Choice A), managing other paraprofessional personnel (Choice B), and managing ward or unit operations (Choice C). These duties are more aligned with the responsibilities of a practical nurse, emphasizing patient care and coordination within a healthcare setting.
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