ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions
1. Vasopressin (Pitressin) therapy is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of bleeding esophageal varices. The nurse is preparing to administer the medication to the client. Which of the following essential items is needed during the administration of this medication?
- A. A cardiac monitor
- B. An intubation set
- C. A suction setup
- D. A tracheotomy set
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The major action of vasopressin is constriction of the splanchnic blood flow. Continuous electrocardiogram and blood pressure monitoring are essential because of the constrictive effects of the medication on the coronary arteries. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not essential items required during the administration of this medication.
2. A client with asthma asks how to use a peak flow meter. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
- A. Use the peak flow meter at the same time each day.
- B. Take a slow, deep breath and blow out as hard as you can.
- C. Keep a log of your peak flow readings.
- D. Perform the test before using any bronchodilators.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to perform the peak flow test before using any bronchodilators. This is important because it provides the most accurate baseline measurement of lung function. Choice A is not necessarily crucial for the accuracy of the test. Choice B describes the technique for spirometry, not peak flow meter use. Choice C, while important for tracking trends, is not directly related to the accuracy of the initial measurement.
3. What factor is most likely to improve health outcomes in a community?
- A. Access to affordable health care
- B. Community engagement and participation
- C. Implementing health education programs
- D. Strong leadership
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Community engagement and participation play a crucial role in improving health outcomes by ensuring that interventions are relevant and supported by the community. When individuals are actively involved and engaged in health initiatives, it promotes a sense of ownership, increases awareness, and fosters collaboration within the community, ultimately leading to more effective and sustainable health outcomes.
4. When teaching a client with a new prescription for Lisinopril, which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Expect a persistent, dry cough.
- C. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- D. Take the medication at bedtime.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Expect a persistent, dry cough.' Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, commonly causes a persistent, dry cough as a side effect. This should be reported to the healthcare provider if it becomes bothersome. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about this potential side effect so the client is aware and can seek appropriate guidance if needed. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Taking Lisinopril with food is not required. Increasing potassium-rich foods is not a specific instruction for Lisinopril, and taking the medication at bedtime is not a typical recommendation associated with this medication.
5. A client has a prescription for Levothyroxine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Take this medication with food.
- C. Take this medication at bedtime.
- D. Take this medication with antacids.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to increase absorption and efficacy. Taking it with food or antacids can interfere with its absorption, leading to reduced effectiveness of the medication.
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