Nursing Elites

1. The nurse manager compares the actual results of the budget with the projected results of the budget. What budgeting process is this?

• A. Variable budgeting
• B. Controlling
• C. Revenue sharing
• D. Incremental budgeting

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Controlling. Controlling involves comparing actual results with the projected results in the budget to assess performance and take corrective actions if necessary. Choice A, Variable budgeting, focuses on adjusting the budget based on activity levels. Choice C, Revenue sharing, refers to distributing a portion of revenue among stakeholders. Choice D, Incremental budgeting, involves making minor adjustments to the existing budget for the next period based on previous budgets.

2. Lippitt's phases of change are important factors in the change process. The phase that involves key people in data collection is known as:

• A. Assess the motivation.
• B. Choose a change agent.
• C. Diagnose the problem.
• D. Maintain the change.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Diagnose the problem.' In Lippitt's phases of change, the first step is to diagnose the problem, which involves key people in data collection and problem-solving. This step is crucial as it helps identify the root causes of the issues that need to be addressed. Assessing the motivation (A) comes later in the change process once the problem has been diagnosed. Choosing a change agent (B) and maintaining the change (D) are also important steps in the change process but do not specifically involve key people in data collection as in the diagnosis phase.

3. Quality management and benchmarking are two approaches used to improve the quality of care. The major difference between these two approaches is which of the following?

• A. Quality management is not useful in the outpatient setting
• B. Benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines
• C. Quality management is used only in the primary care setting
• D. Benchmarking looks only at outcomes specific to nursing

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The major difference between quality management and benchmarking is that benchmarking compares outcomes in a variety of settings and disciplines. Choice A is incorrect because quality management can be applied in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Choice C is incorrect as quality management is not limited to primary care and can be implemented across various healthcare settings. Choice D is incorrect as benchmarking does not solely focus on nursing outcomes but rather compares outcomes across different disciplines and settings.

4. What is the primary focus of case management in nursing?

• A. Direct patient care
• B. Resource management
• C. Financial planning
• D. Quality assurance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary focus of case management in nursing is direct patient care, which involves providing and coordinating services for patients. While resource management, financial planning, and quality assurance are important aspects of healthcare, they are not the primary focus of case management. Resource management deals with optimizing resources, financial planning involves managing financial aspects, and quality assurance focuses on maintaining high standards of care.

5. What is the primary focus of health promotion activities?

• A. To manage chronic diseases
• B. To educate patients about their health
• C. To prevent the onset of disease
• D. To identify and treat diseases early

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'To prevent the onset of disease.' Health promotion activities aim to prevent diseases before they occur by promoting healthy behaviors, lifestyles, and environments. Choice A, 'To manage chronic diseases,' is incorrect as health promotion focuses on prevention rather than management. Choice B, 'To educate patients about their health,' is important but not the primary focus of health promotion. Choice D, 'To identify and treat diseases early,' is related to early detection and treatment, which is different from the primary goal of health promotion.

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