ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Exam Questions
1. The nurse is teaching a client about side effects of ACE inhibitors. What is the most important side effect to monitor?
- A. Cough
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Dizziness
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors commonly cause a persistent dry cough in patients. This side effect is important to monitor because it can indicate the development of angioedema, a serious adverse reaction that requires immediate medical attention. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is a potential side effect of ACE inhibitors but is not typically the most important one to monitor. Hypotension (choice C) and dizziness (choice D) are also possible side effects of ACE inhibitors, but they are not as critical to monitor as the development of a persistent cough.
2. What are the signs of thyroid crisis resulting from Graves' disease?
- A. Constipation with gastric distension.
- B. Bradycardia and bradypnea.
- C. Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
- D. Constipation and lethargy.
Correct answer: Hyperthermia and tachycardia.
Rationale: In a thyroid crisis resulting from Graves' disease, the patient typically experiences symptoms such as hyperthermia (elevated body temperature) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate). These symptoms are indicative of the hypermetabolic state seen in thyroid storm. Choices A and D are incorrect as constipation and lethargy are not typical signs of a thyroid crisis; instead, patients with hyperthyroidism often experience diarrhea and agitation. Choice B is incorrect because bradycardia (slow heart rate) and bradypnea (slow breathing rate) are more commonly associated with hypothyroidism rather than a thyroid crisis in Graves' disease.
3. A client with Parkinson's disease is receiving physical therapy. Which statement by the client indicates the need for a referral to physical therapy?
- A. I have been experiencing more tremors in my left arm than before
- B. I noticed that I am having a harder time holding onto my toothbrush
- C. Lately, I feel like my feet are freezing up, as they are stuck to the ground
- D. Sometimes, I feel I am making a chewing motion when I'm not eating
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because freezing of feet while walking is a sign of impaired mobility, indicating the need for physical therapy in clients with Parkinson's disease. Choices A, B, and D are symptoms commonly associated with Parkinson's disease but do not specifically indicate the need for immediate referral to physical therapy.
4. A client has an abdominal incision. The surgical wound was closed with 10 sutures. This surgical wound is healing by what process?
- A. Primary intention
- B. Binary intention
- C. Secondary intention
- D. None of the Above
Correct answer: Primary intention
Rationale:
5. The nurse is providing education to a client regarding the administration of eye drops. Which of the following actions indicates the need for further client education?
- A. The client instills the prescribed number of eye drops into the conjunctival sac
- B. The client sets the cap to the eye drop container down in a manner that does not contaminate it
- C. The client touches the administration dropper her to the eye
- D. The client washes her hands before instilling the eye drops
Correct answer: The client touches the administration dropper her to the eye
Rationale:
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