the nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome the nurse understands that the peak age

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The nurse is preparing to admit a child to the hospital with a diagnosis of minimal change nephrotic syndrome. The nurse understands that the peak age at onset for this disease is what?

A. 2 to 3 years
B. 4 to 5 years
C. 6 to 7 years
D. 8 to 9 years

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The peak age for the onset of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is typically between 4 and 5 years old. MCNS is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, particularly within this age range.

2. A parent asks the nurse what would be the first indication that acute glomerulonephritis was improving. What would be the nurse's best response?

A. Blood pressure will stabilize.
B. Your child will have more energy.
C. Urine will be free of protein.
D. Urine output will increase.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Increased urine output is often the first sign that acute glomerulonephritis is improving, as it indicates a reduction in fluid retention and better kidney function. Stabilization of blood pressure and other symptoms typically follow.

3. What illnesses does respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) prevent?

A. HBV, Hib, and pertussis
B. HSV, influenza, and HBV
C. RSV, influenza, and adenovirus
D. RSV, pertussis, and varicella

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: RSV, influenza, and adenovirus. The CDC recommends respiratory hygiene and etiquette to prevent the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, adenovirus, and other droplet-transmitted unknown viruses. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because HBV, Hib, pertussis, HSV, and varicella are not typically transmitted via droplets but through other modes of transmission.

4. What is the primary symptom of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn?

A. Cyanosis
B. Bradycardia
C. Absent breath sounds
D. Tachypnea

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Absent breath sounds on the affected side are a primary symptom of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Cyanosis, bradycardia, and tachypnea may also be present but are not the primary symptom. Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to poor oxygenation, bradycardia is a slower than normal heart rate, and tachypnea is rapid breathing.